The Fundamental Role of Dissolved Oxygen Levels in Drinking Water, in the Etiopathogenesis, Prevention, Treatment and Recovery of Cerebral Vascular Events (Stroke)
Published on: 16th January, 2025
Stroke is a clinically defined syndrome of acute focal neurological deficit attributed to vascular injury (infarction, hemorrhage) of the central nervous system. Stroke is the second leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Stroke is not a single disease but can be caused by a wide range of risk factors, disease processes and mechanisms. Approximately 15% of strokes worldwide are the result of intracerebral hemorrhage, which can be deep (basal ganglia, brainstem), cerebellar or lobar. A minority (about 20%) of intracerebral hemorrhages are caused by macrovascular lesions (vascular malformations, aneurysms, cavernomas), venous sinus thrombosis or rarer causes.
Bilateral Trigeminal Neuralgia Refractory to Medical Therapy: Importance of A Multi-Therapeutic Approach
Published on: 10th January, 2025
Bilateral trigeminal neuralgia refractory to medical therapy is a rare occurrence and it is mandatory to choose therapeutic procedures minimizing possible bilateral sensitive deficit due to the employment of bilateral mininvasive ablative techniques. A patient affected by bilateral trigeminal neuralgia refractory to medical therapy secondary to multiple sclerosis is presented. Multiple therapeutic tools were employed in this challenging pathology. The second and third left trigeminal divisions were involved by the neuralgia, while the third division was involved in the right facial side. Controlled radiofrequency thermocoagulation was employed for the isolated right third division, then radiosurgery was conducted for the left hemifacial side. After one month, because of the persistence of pain attacks of the left second trigeminal division, peripheral authorizations were performed. Control of pain, with the withdrawal of medical therapy (BNI scale class I), was achieved in this patient with a multi-therapeutic approach. Radiofrequency thermorizotomy was performed for the right third division because neuralgia was very acute, and immediate pain relief was achieved. Pain in the left third trigeminal division regressed after radiosurgery, while pain in the left second division continued after radiosurgery, then peripheral alcoholization was performed with pain control.Bilateral trigeminal neuralgia refractory to medical therapy should be treated by the dedicated neurosurgeon, avoiding bilateral ablative techniques for the same division and using neurosurgical techniques according to the trigeminal division interested by the neuralgia and according to the intensity of pain.
Surgical Fetal Stem Cell Transplant into Heart Failure Patients Long-term Results at 14 Years
Published on: 8th January, 2025
Direct myocardial transplant of HFDSCs (human fetal derived stem cells) by open chest surgical procedure was performed in 10 patients with Heart Failure (HF) due to no ischemic, no chagasic dilated cardiomyopathy. All 10 patients survived the operation. At 40 months, the mean (±SD) NYHA class decreased from 3.4 ± 0.5 to 1.33 ± 0.5 (p = .001); the mean EF increased 31%, from 26.6% ± F) 34.8% ± 7.2% (p = .005); and the mean ETT increased 291.3%, from 4.25 minutes to 16.63 minutes (128.9% increase in metabolic equivalents, from 2.46 to 5.63) (p < .0001); the mean LVEDD decreased 15%, from 6.85 ± 0.6 cm to 5.80 ± 0.58 cm (p < .001); mean performance in the 6-minute walk test increased by 43.2%, from 251 ± 113.1 seconds to 360 0 seconds (p = .01); the mean distance increased 64.4%, from 284.4 144.9 m to 468.2 ± 89.8 m (p = .004); and the mean result in the Minnesota test decreased from 71 ± 27.3 to 6 ± 5.9 (p < .001). Six patients survived after 40 months; 5 of them had complete reverse remodeling after 3 months after transplants. The average age at the moment of the transplants was 62 years (s/d 11.6). Results: The first patient died at 5,4 years for an infection; the second patient died at,7,4 years for heart failure; the third patient died at 8,4 years for heart failure; the fourth patient died at 10 years for heart failure and the fifth patient died at 14,4 years after transplant at the age of 83 for heart failure. The average age at the moment of death was 70 years (s/d12.9). The survival rate at 4 years was 100% (K/M) and at 14 years (25%K/M). Conclusion: These initial worldwide experiences with the surgical direct transplant of liver fetal stem cells in patients with end-stage HF shows clearly the positive effect in the reverse remodeling of the left ventricle of 50% of the cohort and excellent long-term results in these types of patients opening a new avenue for treating end-stage HF patients without any other option of treatment.
Haematopoietic Cell Transplants in Adults Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia in a Resource-poor Middle East Country
Published on: 8th January, 2025
Background: Outcomes of chemotherapy in adults with ALL in resource-poor countries are reportedly worse compared with outcomes in resource-rich countries. There are few comparative data on transplants in these settings.Methods: Retrospective analysis of 102 consecutive subjects > 18 years with ALL receiving an allotransplant from Jan 2007 to Sept 2022 in Jordan.Results: Median follow-up is 38 mo ([IQR] 16-80 mo). 81 subjects were men. The median age was 29 y(IQR 22-36 y). 63 were B-cell and 38, were T-cell lineage. 31 had the Ph-chromosome. 68 were in 1st and 34, ≥ 2nd histological complete remission. 97 received intensive conditioning. Donors were an HLA-identical sibling (N = 88) or an HLA-mis-matched relative (N = 14). Grafts were blood cells. Subjects received conventional GvHD prophylaxis, cyclophosphamide (N = 11) or ATG (N = 3). All subjects recovered bone marrow function with complete donor chimerism. 5-year leukemia-free survival (LFS), 58% (47, 69%) and survival, 45% (34, 56%). 45 subjects developed acute and 44, cGvHD. 3-year cumulative incidence of cGvHD was 28% (15, 42%). 5-year CIR was 32% (18, 45%) and 3-year NRM, 25% (15, 35%).Conclusion: Allotransplant outcomes in adults with ALL in Jordan, a resource-poor country, seem comparable to those reported in resource-rich countries.
Case Report: Intussusception in an Infant with Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Infection and Post-Operative Wound Dehiscence
Published on: 7th January, 2025
Intussusception is a leading cause of intestinal obstruction in young children, typically presenting with colicky abdominal pain and altered stool characteristics, before progressing to abdominal distension and bilious vomiting. This case report describes an 8-month-old male who presented with gastrointestinal symptoms, respiratory distress, and signs of intestinal obstruction. The patient was diagnosed with intussusception and found to be positive for Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV). After an attempted ultrasound-guided hydrostatic fluid enema, he underwent laparotomy to resolve the intussusception but developed post-operative complications, including delayed wound healing and wound dehiscence. The interplay of viral infections like RSV, and treatments such as steroids in pediatric surgical cases warrants further attention, especially concerning postoperative outcomes.
Post-transplant Malignancy: An Overview and Review of Literatures
Published on: 7th January, 2025
Post-transplant malignancy is one of the contentious and feared consequences of Solid Organ Transplantation (SOT), which might detrimentally alter the outcome of transplantation. Risk factors are manifold, principally related to a suppressed immune system with intercurrent immunosuppressant medications commonly used in the context of SOT. Opportunistic viral infections encountered in SOT are crucial promoters of mitogenic proliferation in several common tumors. Lastly, immune suppressant therapy might trigger mitogenic changes directly.In this paper, we are discussing post-SOT malignancies, elaborating on the different phases of its pathogenesis, and elucidating on the different aspects that linger in its risk factors, preventive strategies, and management.
The Ailments and their Treatments & Function of Integumentary Systems: A Details Review
Published on: 7th January, 2025
A details development in recent dermal studies being carried out and purposed dermal studies is investigated in this research review globally and the various disease and process functions and treatment with symptoms and etiology and pathophysiology of skin-related issues are studies and practically feasible solution of various integumentary systems related problem and it’s function is researched and almost 30 types of common skin related diseases and remedies studies by researcher and it’s company KIRDPL in global perspectives and especially in tropical climate zone in various cases in patients is mentioned including plastic surgery to gene therapy and dermabrasion to the genetic disease as well. The integumentary systems in the animal kingdom as a whole are focused and homosapiens' human dermal functions and their development and future developments of stem cells laboratory-grown skin coats of different colors for shedding and treatments of cancerous skin and integumentary system and gene therapy of the ailments are discussed.
Recurrent Pancreatitis Associated with CFTR Heterozygous Mutation
Published on: 7th January, 2025
This case report discusses a 74-year-old male patient diagnosed with recurrent pancreatitis associated with a CFTR heterozygous mutation. The patient presented with complaints of epigastric pain, and laboratory findings revealed elevated amylase and lipase levelsGenetic testing revealed a p.Phe1052Val (c.3154T>G) heterozygous mutation in the CFTR gene, which has been associated with recurrent pancreatitis through autosomal dominant inheritance. A cystic lesion detected in the pancreas (suggestive of IPMN or serous cystic neoplasm) was evaluated for malignancy and deemed low-risk based on PET-CT findings and a negative CA 19-9 level. This case is presented to emphasize that CFTR mutations should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with recurrent pancreatitis, that symptoms may present in adulthood, and that the diagnosis can be easily established through genetic testing.
Understanding Burnout Rates for Clinicians and Physical Symptoms of Allostatic Load
Published on: 7th January, 2025
Burnout among clinicians is a pressing concern worldwide, manifesting as emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced professional efficacy. This article explores the intersection of burnout and allostatic load, the physiological burden resulting from chronic stress, to elucidate the consequences for healthcare providers. Burnout impacts clinicians’ mental and physical health, leading to compromised patient care, reduced job satisfaction, and increased attrition rates. A comparative analysis of recent scholarly works reveals converging evidence on systemic contributors such as excessive workloads, inadequate support systems, and organizational inefficiencies, further compounded by individual vulnerabilities like lack of resilience. These challenges have been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has significantly increased stress levels among healthcare professionals globally. This article synthesizes insights from studies conducted between 2020 and 2024, emphasizing the need for holistic approaches to mitigate burnout. It highlights the physiological underpinnings of allostatic load, including chronic dysregulation of stress-response systems that predispose clinicians to adverse health outcomes like cardiovascular diseases, immune dysfunction, and mental health disorders. To address these issues, the article proposes a multidimensional strategy encompassing organizational reforms, evidence-based interventions, and policy advocacy. Recommendations include reducing administrative burdens, fostering supportive work environments, and integrating wellness programs targeting both systemic and individual stressors. Limitations and directions for future research emphasize the importance of inclusive, longitudinal studies focusing on diverse populations to develop tailored solutions. This comprehensive approach aims to enhance clinician well-being and improve healthcare outcomes globally.
Drug Rehabilitation Centre-based Survey on Drug Dependence in District Shimla Himachal Pradesh
Published on: 6th January, 2025
Aim and objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and characteristics of drug dependency among patients in various rehabilitation centers in the Shimla district. Introduction: Drug abuse is a multifaceted and significant issue impacting individuals worldwide, and the city of Shimla in Himachal Pradesh is no exception. Despite its reputation as a picturesque hill station known for its natural beauty and rich cultural heritage, Shimla faces challenges related to substance abuse. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted, gathering demographic data, drug history, and indicators of dependency from the participants.Results: The findings revealed that 60% of the patients were drug-dependent, with 44% addicted to heroin and 11% to alcohol. Additionally, 60% of the patients reported a family history of chemical dependency. The study also identified associated psychological disorders such as depression and anxiety, as well as interpersonal and environmental factors like peer pressure and coping mechanisms such as avoidance and denial. Conclusion: These findings underscore the complexity of drug dependency, highlighting the need for comprehensive, multidimensional approaches to address the medical, emotional, and social aspects of addiction.
Simple Modified Transvesical Prostatectomy with Minimum Incision and Endoscopic Vascular Control: A Case Report
Published on: 6th January, 2025
This work aims to report a case where a minimum incision and with vascular control endoscopically assisted transvesical prostatectomy was carried out to control hemostasis after prostate digital enucleation.
Extrahepatic Biliary Neuroendocrine Tumors Presented as Liver Mass
Published on: 6th January, 2025
Extrahepatic biliary neuroendocrine tumors (EBNETs) are a rare group of neoplasms with varying characteristics, with 223 cases documented since their discovery. In this case report, an EBNET is described as a result of vague abdominal pain and significantly elevated liver function tests in a 41-year-old woman who presented with vague abdominal pain and elevated liver function tests. Despite the challenges faced in preoperative diagnosis, including the need to differentiate from cholangiocarcinoma, surgical intervention was successful. Due to the tumor’s complex nature, meticulous dissection and reconstruction were required, leading to crucial insights into surgical management. In addition to highlighting the rarity of EBNETs, this case emphasizes the importance of early detection and customized surgical approaches.
Spontaneously Reduced Focal Atrial Tachycardia after Cannabis Overdose
Published on: 3rd January, 2025
Cardiac arrhythmias are frequent complications of the consumption of toxic substances, including cannabis, which can be fatal.We report in this case a patient who developed a cardiac arrhythmia-type focal atrial tachycardia a few moments after the consumption of an important dose of cannabis but which reduced spontaneously and without having administered any medication or an external electric shock.All the rest of the etiological assessment of this arrhythmia was negative and the arrhythmia was linked to the consumption of cannabis which is known to cause these complications.
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