Forecasting Soil Moisture in Caragana Shrubland Using Wavelet Analysis and NARX Neural Network
Published on: 7th October, 2024
It is important for sustainable use of soil water resource and high-quality development to forecast the soil moisture in forestland of water-limited regions. There are some soil water models. However, there is not the best model to forecast the change of soil moisture in the caragana shrubland. In this paper, the plant water relationship has been investigated at the same time for a long term in the caragana shrubland of semiarid region of the Loess Plateau of China. The data of soil moisture was divided and then NARX neural network was used to build model I and model II. For model I, low frequency component was the input variable, and for model II, low frequency component and high frequency component were predicted. The results showed the average relative error for model I is 3.5% and for model II is 0.3%. The average relative error of predicted soil moisture in 100 cm layer using model II is 0.8%, then soil water content in the 40 cm and 200 cm soil depth is selected and the forecast errors are 4.9% and 0.4%. The results showed that using model II to predict soil water is well Predicting soil water using model II will be important for sustainable use of soil water resource and high-quality development.
Comparison of Rhodium, Vanadium, Cobalt, Inconel & Silver Emitter Self-Powered Neutron Detectors: Literature Review Article
Published on: 7th October, 2024
Self-Powered Neutron Detectors (SPNDs) are in use as in-core Neutron Fluence Detectors in Nuclear Power Plants. Though the detectors are simple in design and have a common structure for the same application, there are various types of emitters (neutron-sensitive electrodes) that make SPNDs categorized into different types. There are various SPNDs in application at different types of nuclear power reactors. SPND emitters are chosen based on their characteristics/behavior in the neutron & gamma flux environment in the reactor core. A detailed Literature Review was done on five different types of SPNDs. This paper focuses on the physics behind the operation, characteristics, and review of Vanadium, Rhodium, Inconel, and Cobalt & Silver emitter-based SPNDs. A comparison study was done by a literature review on these detectors.
Cessation of Menstruation during Pregnancy: Overview
Published on: 9th September, 2024
Vaginal bleeding during pregnancy can often be frightening for women. However, such bleeding does not always indicate a serious problem. This type of bleeding occurs routinely, especially in the first 12 weeks of pregnancy. A significant proportion of women who experience bleeding during pregnancy go on to give birth to healthy babies. Despite this, women who frequently experience bleeding problems at different stages of pregnancy may need to take this situation seriously. A critical approach is important both from the gynecologist and from the pregnant woman.
Proactive Psychiatric Consultation and Hospital Length of Stay in Adults: A Review of the Literature
Published on: 4th October, 2024
According to a 2022 systematic review on the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in general hospitals, it was estimated that approximately one-third of medical inpatients present with a coinciding psychiatric condition. However, other studies have reported that a low rate of patients actually obtain an inpatient psychiatric consult; and even fewer patients receive a consultation when it would not be traditionally indicated. Therefore, we have seen an emergence of the use of Proactive Consultation-Liaison (C-L) Psychiatry across many hospital settings. This model of care utilizes systematic screening for active mental health concerns, proactive interventions tailored to individual patients, team-based delivery, and care integration with primary services to provide psychiatric consultation earlier. This study conducted a focused PubMed search to review the research to date on proactive C-L psychiatry and its impact on hospital length of stay (LOS) in patients over 18 years old. Results show a consequential reduction in average hospital LOS when proactive C-L psychiatry services are used compared to reactive, on-request consultation services. A shortened LOS is seen with this practice when there is a quicker time for consultation or referral. Thus, there is evidence of proactive C-L psychiatry’s success in decreasing average hospital LOS and improving patient care. Additional studies are necessary to determine its significance, as little research to date has been completed on the topic. It is recommended to expand the scope of investigation to different patient populations, including but not limited to pediatrics and patients without an underlying mental health illness.
Effects of Preoperative Training on Static and Dynamic Balance among Female Athletes with Injured ACL
Published on: 2nd October, 2024
Aims: The purpose of this research was to study the effects of preoperative training on static and dynamic balance among female athletes with injured ACLs. Methods: This semi-experimental study involved a 2-group pretest-post-test design. Subjects were 36 (19 control and 17 experimental) female athletes with injured ACLs, that were chosen with the available sampling method. The experimental group did the preoperative training in the eight weeks and the control group did not participate in any training program during this period. Static and dynamic balance and lower body muscle strength were measured. The paired sample T-test was used to compare pre and post-test results and the independent sample T-test achieved comparisons between the two groups. Results: The results indicated that static (with eyes opened and closed) dynamic balance and muscle strength were improved significantly (p < 0.05) in the exercise group, but no significant change (p > 0.05) was found in the control group. Also, significant differences were found in improvement changes results between the two groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Results of the study confirmed that preoperative training can have a beneficial effect on improving static and dynamic balance among female athletes with injured ACLs.
Antifungal Efficacy of Panchgavya Formulations against Rhizoctonia solani: An Incitant of Rice Sheath Blight
Published on: 2nd October, 2024
The main rice-grown crop was found severely affected by sheath blight in the south Gujarat region. Sheath blight of rice symptoms were noticed on leaf blades and the sheath just above the water level. The isolation was done from infected parts and purified by the hyphal tip method on PDA which was maintained at 4 oC. The seven different panchgavya formulations of five cow products such as cow urine, dung, curd, ghee, and milk that designed as PG1, PG2, PG3, PG4, PG5, PG6, and PG7. The PG against test pathogen Rhizoctonia solani in vitro condition by the poisoned food technique and that tested at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 percent concentrations. It was observed that panchgavya were able to suppress the growth of R. solani. Among the different formulations, PG1 was significantly effective at all concentrations as compared to other PG formulations against R. solani.
Survival of Free and Encapsulated Probiotics in Healthy Gummy Candy as a Carrier for Probiotic Capsules
Published on: 1st October, 2024
Probiotic gummy candy is an innovative food that can be used as a carrier to deliver probiotics. This study aimed to manufacture healthy gummy candy (HGC) as a carrier for probiotic capsules. The ingredients' effect on the viability of probiotic capsules and free cells was evaluated for 48 days under refrigerated conditions. Also, the textural properties, overall acceptability of products, and physicochemical properties were tested. The encapsulation probiotics in sodium alginate and chitosan provided a high efficiency of 88.16%. At the same time, the encapsulated cells-based HGC (HGC-C) had higher counts of probiotics than free cells-based HGC, and it remained above the 3 log CFU/g at the end of the 48-day storage period in HGC-C, while the free cells reached zero at 30 days. The HGC product showed a low hardness value and high antioxidant capacity as well as, and the colour coordinates for the product showed more yellow, with an intense red colour. Using mango pulp and probiotics in gummy candies is an innovative and viable alternative to the confectionery industry; therefore, combining fruits as a source of prebiotics and probiotic bacteria could be a promising formula for probiotics gummy supplement preparation.
Influence of COPD on the Diaphragm and Muscles of the Lower Limbs
Published on: 1st October, 2024
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with numerous comorbidities, including muscle involvement which consists of changes in the structure and function of peripheral and respiratory muscles. Ultrasound can provide a non-invasive assessment of muscle damage. Ultrasound assessment of the quadriceps contractility index (Qci) is feasible, rapid, simple, and reliable. Numerous studies have demonstrated that Qci is linked to the severity of COPD, clinical symptoms, and respiratory muscle activity. Furthermore, ultrasound makes it possible to observe the dynamics of the diaphragm by measuring its amplitude, its contraction speed, and the duration of each contraction phase. Ultrasound examination of muscle damage in COPD could constitute a promising new tool to assess the severity of the disease.
A Rare Case of Uvulitis Following Endotracheal Intubation Using C- Mac Videolaryngoscope and How To Avoid It
Published on: 1st October, 2024
Uvular injuries are uncommon after general anesthesia and can result from direct trauma to the posterior part of the soft palate or compression and restriction of blood flow to the uvula caused by the inadvertent placement of the airway or suction devices in the oral cavity. There have been cases of inflammation and ulceration occurring in the midline oropharyngeal structures such as the uvula after general anesthesia with a tube or laryngeal mask airway, even in the absence of direct trauma or infection, presumably due to compression ischemia. While sore throat following general anesthesia is a common symptom, it is important to evaluate any severe or persistent pain to exclude uvulitis. Here we present a case of uvulitis that developed after the insertion of a flexometallic endotracheal tube using the midline technique during C-Mac video laryngoscopy. We also emphasize the measures that can be implemented to prevent such a complication. The entrapment of the uvula during intubation often goes unnoticed due to limited oral space after insertion of the video laryngoscope blade, with the intubating anesthetist staying focused on the monitor. This complication following the use of a C-Mac video laryngoscope has not been previously documented.
Neurovascular Shifts, Sensory Sensitivity, and PMDD in Autistic Women: Exploring Blood Flow Redirection, Mood Dysregulation, and Pain Tolerance during Menstruation
Published on: 30th September, 2024
This article examines the relationship between Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), neurovascular dynamics, and sensory sensitivities in autistic women during menstruation. The redirection of blood flow to the uterus during the menstrual cycle has been found to exacerbate cerebral perfusion deficits in neurodivergent individuals, particularly in the Prefrontal Cortex (PFC), which contributes to the mood dysregulation and emotional instability characteristic of PMDD. Autistic women, who often exhibit heightened sensory sensitivities, experience intensified discomfort during menstruation, as sensory overload and altered pain perception compound the emotional challenges of PMDD. These findings emphasize the need for neurodivergent-friendly menstrual products that mitigate both physical and emotional discomfort. Additionally, innovations using biodegradable materials, smart fabrics, and custom-fit menstrual solutions are discussed as potential breakthroughs to improve the quality of life for autistic women managing PMDD. This research highlights the importance of addressing both neurobiological and sensory aspects when designing interventions for PMDD in neurodivergent populations.
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