Articles

This study used smartphones as an Instructional tool to determine their effects on students’ Interest and retention in Agricultural Water Engineering in Colleges of Education, Benue State, Nigeria. Five purposes of the study were stated, five research questions were posed and answered with means and standard deviations, and five hypotheses formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance using Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). Quasi-experimental design of non-randomized pre-test post-test control group design was utilized. The research was carried out in two Colleges of Education in Benue State, Nigeria, with a population of 410 NCE Students. The population size of 200 NCE III students was sampled from colleges of Education, Katsina-Ala and Oju in the study area. The research instruments were ‘Basic Agricultural Water Inventory Test’ (BAWEIIT) and Basic Agricultural Water Retention Test (BAWERT), AND were validated by three experts. The reliability coefficient of the instruments was 0.74. The study found that the students who were taught with SIT demonstrated positive interest and enhanced their retention (XS=3.92) in Basic Agricultural Water Engineering than those taught without Smartphones. Also, there was no significant difference in the mean interest and retention rating scores (XS = 1.24 > 0.05), in Basic Agricultural Water Engineering (AGE, 324) concepts with Smartphone as an instructional tool (SIT). Based on findings, recommendations were made that smartphone (SIT) should be included among instructional materials in the scheme of lesson delivery for lecture by the National Commission for Colleges of Education (NCCE) in the curriculum for both teaching and learning activities at the Colleges of Education in Benue State. There should be constant, strong Wi-Fi connections power National Commission for Colleges of Education instructional via College administrators should orient lecturers and students by organizing workshops and seminars on how to effectively utilize smartphones for their academic activities. College administrators should endeavour to supervise implementation of smartphones as instructional tools in Agricultural Water Engineering and NCE courses for students

Background: The motivation of this paper is to analyze the growing air pollution level in the city of Bengaluru, as it was once a green city but is now facing problems with the use of private vehicles, such as increasing levels of air pollutants. Green buildings focus on reducing their negative environmental impacts by using less energy and water, and causing less disruption to the environment during construction. Green buildings, which also strive to enhance human health through the design of healthy indoor spaces, are arguably less well-known.Objective: The main objective is to analyze the most suitable zone in Bangalore for the construction of green buildings. The review of existing green building technologies with the use of natural materials, renewable energy, water conservation, and indoor air quality.Method: The methodology will include a study of six green building literature reviews with eminent researchers and scientists. The main principles of green building include having indoor air quality of Nitrogen oxides, volatile organic compounds, and particulate matter are the most common air impurities released into the atmosphere by the variability of natural processes and human actions. The advantages of lessened energy and water use are well known, but the potential advantages of green buildings for human health have only lately come into focus. In addition, case study review for Electronic City, Whitefield, and International Airport in BangaloreResult: To address the comparative study of case study review, Bangalore city data was collected regarding the pollutant levels, then linear regression models were created and reviewed to design green buildings in the future. Conclusion: The goal of the study is to comprehend how toxins, a rise in urban population density, the usage of novel artificial resources, and traffic contamination all work together to worsen indoor air quality and increase harmful impacts on people.

Background: Intravascular Leiomyomatosis (IVL) is an often misdiagnosed rare benign mesenchymal tumor characterized by the presence of vascular extension and invasion of smooth muscle cells in a serpiginous-like pattern, first originating in uterine smooth muscle cells. Its growth pattern can involve both ovarian veins, the inferior vena cava, and even reach the right atrium/ventricle in 45% of the cases. The incidence has been reported to be 0.25 to 0.40% of patients with uterine leiomyoma, with about 300 cases reported in the literature. Also, since the tumor is hormone-dependent, most affected individuals are premenopausal women in middle age. Optimal treatment for IVL is complete surgical removal with hysterectomy and oophorectomy, independent of stage. The most frequent perioperative complications are hemorrhage due to tumoral hypervascularization, embolism, and the usual laparotomy complications. We present the case of a 51-year-old female with IVL stage 3 with complete single-stage surgical resolution.

Digital regression models based on an interactive questionnaire and objectively measured results were used for the investigation of new objective methods of remote monitoring of respiratory patients. 43 patients with COPD and 26 with bronchial asthma were examined in a retrospective-prospective observation study before and after exacerbation in the hospital (the first observation). After that, theywere monitored by a digital system with an interactive questionnaire including results of Smart Watch use and a velometric test at home for at least 6 months. The effectiveness of remote patient monitoring was achieved by changes in the treatment program and rehabilitation. An integrative scale for patient monitoring effectiveness evaluation was used for a comparison study before and after remote monitoring wasstarted (historical control). The results of correlation, regression analysis, and OR calculation showed that new monitoring parameters: velometric test distance, daily steps count, night sleep duration, and the number of night awake ups were dependent on the dyspnea score and FEV1. The system of remote patient monitoring based on a digital model decreased the number of calls for emergency medical care, hospitalizations, and increased the effectiveness score of patient monitoring.

The pandemic has been observed as a security phenomenon due to the dimensions it entails, although these dimensions have not been confirmed. The objective of this work was to compare the theoretical structure of security with empirical observations. A cross-sectional, correlational, psychometric, and confirmatory study was conducted with a sample of 100 students selected for their affiliation with institutions committed to implementing the SDGs. The results confirm four of the seven dimensions, and the extension of the model is recognized as an area of ​​opportunity to confirm the remaining three dimensions. It is recommended to expand the number of items and the sample size to increase the total percentage of variance and align the empirical model with the theoretical model reported in the literature.

Objective: To study the use of cefazoxime sodium for injection in inpatients of the Third People’s Hospital of Yancheng City, and to provide reference for the rational clinical use of cefazoxime sodium. Methods: A retrospective study method was used to retrieve the medical records of patients discharged from 2 departments of urology and general surgery of the hospital using cefazoxime sodium in June-August 2023, and the rationality of the clinical use of injectable cefazoxime sodium was evaluated with reference to the relevant standards. Results: A total of 328 valid cases were included, of which 6 cases did not meet the dosage criteria, 10 cases did not meet the treatment time criteria; 44 cases did not meet the indication criteria. The comprehensive judgement of the reasonableness of the clinical use of cefazoxime sodium for injection resulted in 272 cases of reasonable use of the drug; 56 cases of unreasonable use of the drug. Conclusion: The clinical use of cefazoxime sodium for injection in this hospital is irrational and needs to be further strengthened and corrected.

Geothermal energy, with a global installed capacity of 16.7 GW by 2023 and an annual generation of more than 97 TWh, is consolidating its position as a key pillar in the energy transition. From the pioneering Lardarello plant (1913) to The Geysers complex in California (the largest in the world with 1.5 GW of capacity), this energy source has demonstrated its potential to supply baseload electricity 24 hours a day, with a carbon footprint up to 10 times lower than fossil fuels. The article explores how the architectural design of these plants integrates geological, environmental, and technological factors. Systems such as binary cycles (which operate at 90°C and reduce emissions by 95%) allow the exploitation of low-temperature resources, expanding their applicability to non-volcanic regions. However, challenges remain: reservoir exploration is 30-40% uncertain, and initial costs exceed $4,500 per installed kW, according to the U.S. Department of Energy. Iconic cases like The Geysers illustrate innovative solutions. Since 2003, its recharge project with treated wastewater (11 million gallons/day) has revitalized the reservoir, extending its lifespan by decades. This circular economy approach not only optimizes resources but also reduces water conflicts in arid areas. The future points to disruptive designs: Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS), which could increase global potential tenfold by enabling dry reservoirs, and urban heating districts with heat pumps, capable of providing heating at -20°C. By 2030, drilling innovations—such as smart drill bits and robotics—could reduce costs by 50%, accelerating adoption. In a world that needs to double clean energy by 2040, geothermal energy is emerging not only as a renewable source, but as an architectural canvas where engineering and sustainability converge to redefine the energy landscape. Its evolution will depend on creatively overcoming technical barriers, transforming the Earth’s heat into the cornerstone of a decarbonized era.

The escalating volume of solid waste due to rapid urbanization, population growth, and industrialization poses significant environmental and public health challenges. Improper disposal of solid waste, especially organic and municipal garbage, leads to pollution of soil, air, and water, causing a surge in health risks and ecosystem degradation. Traditional waste management practices are often inefficient, expensive, and time-consuming. Composting and vermicomposting have emerged as eco-friendly, cost-effective, and sustainable alternatives for organic waste management. Vermicomposting, which employs earthworms to decompose organic waste into nutrient-rich compost, has shown potential in improving soil fertility, reducing pathogenic microbes, and recycling essential nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Various organic wastes such as agricultural residues, municipal waste, animal dung, and market garbage have been effectively treated through vermicomposting using species like Eisenia fetida and Eudrilus eugeniae. This review emphasizes the technological, environmental, and agricultural benefits of vermicomposting in transforming biodegradable solid waste into valuable compost, promoting sustainable waste management practices, and enhancing agricultural productivity.

Vildagliptin is an orally active, potent, and selective Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, shown to be effective and well tolerated in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) as either monotherapy or in combination with other anti-diabetic agents. Vildagliptin is used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus, typically in conjunction with diet and exercise. Vildagliptin is usually administered orally, with a common dosing regimen of 50 mg twice daily. It can be taken with or without food; however, it is important to take it consistently at the same time each day for optimal effectiveness.This study focuses on the most recent advancements in analytical methods for determining the presence of Vildagliptin in different biological media, such as human plasma and urine, as well as in bulk and commercial dose forms. The following analytical techniques will be fully investigated in this paper: High-pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), High Efficiency Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC), liquid chromatography coupled to a tandem mass spectrometry system (LC-MS), and electrophoresis. These techniques include several parameters, such as the following: matrix, dynamic phase composition, permanent phase RF value for sensing frequency, retention duration, DL, carrier gas, flow rate, capillary wavelength, separation voltage, temperature, and pressure.

Telemedicine has become widely used, primarily following or during the COVID pandemic. However, it was used a long time ago in specific cases, like submarines and space. Telemedicine has been developed to facilitate diagnosis and treatment in areas without physicians, either because the area is isolated without a medical doctor (as in submarines and space) or because we need expertise. This article is a review using studies selected via PubMed to collect generic knowledge on some technical details on both sides: Earth and Space, where telemedicine activity is regularly provided. The goal was to compare tools, data collected, and ways of improvement in each area. As experienced on both sides, indeed, the author has already worked in the spaceflight area with astronauts as well as doing teleconsultations with patients nowadays, which allows us to see how we could improve the way we are doing teleconsultation on Earth by teaching the users as done with the astronauts in the pre-flight period. It seems telemedicine will still be mandatory for a while because as seen in many countries even out of the scope of isolated area (or very difficult to be accessed (like mountains, desert …), more and more small cities and even bigger are lacking general practitioner (GP) as well as some specialists. Taking into account the time needed to have a functional doctor (for a GP mainly 8 years and for specialists longer, up to 12 years), telemedicine should improve and take a real place in the health system. This review gives a few definitions, also the term telehealth or e-health is widely used. It refers to the use of an internet communication system to transmit data, receive data, communicate in real time, and guide and provide healthcare services to the patient remotely. Improvements in technologies have mainly been done for Earth applications, and tools are becoming smaller and more resistant. The different purposes of using telemedicine are increasing nowadays, and it is not used only because of a lack of physicians but to teach remotely and avoid travel, as well as to have direct access /advice with a specialist. We can find a lot of reasons to use it. Living in space is a real challenge for the human body used to gravity. As explained in a lot of reviews, the body in space loses bone, muscle, and has changes in heart volume and excitability. All the body systems will suffer from microgravity. Other factors impacting the body in space are the high level of ionized radiation, plus isolation. This is why, since the beginning of space flight, the so-called flight surgeon (more GP of the astronaut than a surgeon) is using telemedicine with the astronauts to prevent disease and, in case a medical event happens, to help the astronaut receive a diagnosis and efficient treatment. The actual ISS, International Space Station, allows real-time communication with the astronauts. This will be used for direct discussion or conferences to check the medical/psychological/fitness status. In other cases, remote access can always be done to communicate pictures or movies to provide advice on health or science. Furthermore, some medical tests will be done to guide the astronauts because some tools need real expertise to be interpreted correctly. In that case, eye exam is a good example: an astronaut uses devices following the recommendation of the specialist based on the NASA Console in Houston. Of course, new improvements are needed to facilitate the next challenges of spaceflight, also going a step further beyond LEO (Low Earth Orbit), like doing an interplanetary trip and going to Mars. In that next scenario, to allow the mission where the Earth will not be seen anymore, when the real-time exchange will not be feasible, a new autonomy of the astronauts will be required. As on Earth, space with all technologies like satellite is not only used as for direct health care facility with the astronauts but also in a more preventive way. It is possible to follow changes on the ground, climate changes too, as a witness to a possible new epidemic, and another specific use is to help in locating people. Finally, we see how the way telemedicine is done in space could help improve telemedicine on the ground. First of all, we could improve telemedicine in many ways on Earth for classical consultation by increasing the utilization of simple tools like otoscope and… more in that case we need to train the patient like the astronauts are trained on ground before flying, this has a huge positive effect in allowing easier diagnostic and then better treatment for example when good pictures are provided. The new tools as Artificial Intelligence (AI) or Virtual Reality (VR), on trial if needed for long-duration missions and specifically for missions beyond low Earth orbit, should be beneficial as well on Earth. Maybe the big challenge for Earth’s Telemedicine is increasing the trust in practitioners who are still convinced that this way of providing medicine could be a competitor, and for that reason, they are reluctant to use it. Nowadays, it should become more and more obvious that we need to work on some specific weak points, like security, training in using tools to make sure telemedicine is efficient and useful, where we have a lack of physicians.