Sea Level Rise Impacts in Coastal Areas and Possible Mitigation Engineering Approaches
Published on: 21st July, 2023
Coastal areas are subjected to both natural and man-made actions, leading to a deterioration of coastal structures. Climate change has had a heavy impact on these areas in recent years. An important consequence of these actions is sea level rise. This phenomenon is the most important cause of coastal erosion, a serious problem with ecological, economic, and human health consequences. The countermeasures to contrast this phenomenon and the degradation of the entire coastal system, are represented by engineering interventions. These basically consist of approaches for adaptation to sea level rise, namely protection, retreat, and accommodation. Variations and site adaptation of these actions can involve procedures of no intervention; advancement; protection; retreat; accommodation; and ecosystem-based adaptation. While these procedures have provided coastal benefits and protection, in the long run, they may cause further coastal disruption and further aggravate the situation. Such interventions, therefore, require an accurate assessment of the advantages and disadvantages. However, it is certainly necessary to proceed with actions aimed at mitigating climate change, respecting the rules in a sustainable way.
A Perspective on Conservation Technologies for Endangered Marine Birds
Published on: 26th July, 2023
Seabirds are species in a collection of avian orders that live on and feed in saltwater and include penguins; albatrosses and petrels; gannets and cormorants; and gulls, terns, and auks. They are at risk from human activities with habitat loss, fisheries bycatch, food shortages, introduced predators and pollution impact. These effects are all exacerbated by human-induced climate change. Many researchers, non-governmental organizations, communities, and governments are working to conserve endangered seabird species by developing and implementing technologies and conservation management systems to assist seabird conservation. More recently moves are afoot to ensure organizations share data and outcomes.
Calciphylaxis in Hemodialysis
Published on: 20th July, 2023
Calciphylaxis (CP) or uremic calcific arterial disease (CUA) is a rare, potentially fatal calcific vasculopathy characterized by calcific and thrombotic occlusion of the vessels of the subcutaneous and dermis leading to extremely painful necrotic lesions. It mainly affects patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and under long time dialysis. The only therapeutic option is represented by intravenous sodium thiosulfate. Currently, clear guidelines are lacking. We have had a good therapeutic response with doses of sodium thiosulfate in association with multidisciplinary management of the patient (vulnologist, dermatologist, nephrologist, dietitian, and cardiologist). There is limited literature on the use of DOAC therapy as a successful alternative to warfarin in patients on dialysis with calciphylaxis. The left atrial appendage closure could represent an important alternative to dicumarolics in patients with atrial fibrillation with calciphylaxis. A new perspective for the treatment of this disease is SNF472 a selective inhibitor of vascular calcification.
Eye Banking a Boon in Eye Health Care Services and Vision Restoration and Corneal Tattooing for Aesthetic Purposes
Published on: 20th June, 2023
Eye donation and eye banking are a boon in eye health care services for visual rehabilitation and corneal tattooing aesthetic purpose in post-trauma corneal opacities.A young female reported to our hospital with a complaint of corneal opacity and difficulty in closing her left eye. On examination, she was diagnosed with a “Corneal scar with an Inadvertent bleb”. The patient reported a history of corneoscleral injury for more than four years. A slit lamp examination showed a corneal scar with a micro leak at the inferotemporal scleral region.
Review Article on the All-On-Four Treatment Concept in Dental Implants
Published on: 19th July, 2023
Edentulism, a condition characterized by the absence of teeth, significantly impacts facial aesthetics, eating efficiency, and speech fluency, thereby diminishing the quality of life. This paper aims to explore the All-On-Four Treatment Concept in Dental Implants, a promising solution to this issue. The All-On-Four approach, though complex, offers a pathway to restore smile and functionality by using four strategically positioned implants to hold a temporary prosthesis. This prosthesis is later replaced by a permanent version after approximately four months. This swift oral restoration technique significantly enhances a patient’s self-confidence and overall life quality. The significance of this treatment lies in its potential to provide a less invasive and more affordable solution for severe jawbone atrophy, where the proximity of critical anatomical structures and compromised bone conditions may hinder other prosthetic solutions. The paper concludes with a discussion on the potential of the All-On-Four treatment to revolutionize dental implant procedures, offering a beacon of hope for individuals suffering from edentulism.
Water Purification Using Ceramic Pots Water Filter
Published on: 19th July, 2023
In this study, ceramic pot filters are made from clay and burn-out materials (sawdust) that give pore sizes capable of capturing contaminants. Manufacturing specifications were selected to achieve some results. Clay and sawdust are mixed in a 50% volume ratio each and sawdust was subjected to hot water extraction to give a treated sample. Filters produced comprised of untreated, treated, and a mixture of treated and untreated sawdust samples, some of which were dipped in a solution of silver nanoparticles while others were not dipped (treated undipped, treated dipped, mixed dipped, mixed undipped, untreated undipped, untreated dipped). The effectiveness of the produced filters for the removal of contaminants such as dissolved solids, turbidity, and metals was tested using water collected from the Ikeji Arakeji River in Osun, Nigeria. The results showed the filter with treated sawdust undipped in a solution of silver nano gave the best result in the removal of the contaminants. Also, the filter with the mixtures of treated and untreated sawdust gave a better result compared to the standard. While the standard gave a better result than the untreated undipped ceramic filter pot. In conclusion, with proper cleaning and maintenance of the filters, they can effectively provide treated water suitable for drinking to rural people affected by polluted water sources.
Review of the Efficiency of Ten Different Commercial Kits for Extracting DNA from Soil Mixed Biological Samples
Published on: 19th July, 2023
Soil-mixed bodily fluids are the most common kind of evidence at outdoor crime scenes. This biological evidence contains DNA, which is a key component of forensic science’s ability to prove an accused person’s guilt because it connects the victim and suspect to the crime scene and aids in identifying the offender and victim. The yield of DNA is significantly influenced by factors including temperature, humidity, storage environment, time since deposition, etc. DNA degradation is caused by a variety of microbes, bacteria, humic acid, and other substances present in soil. Nowadays for DNA extraction, a variety of commercial DNA extraction kits was used now. This paper’s objective is to compare the efficiency of ten different commercial kits used to extract mixed DNA samples. It has been observed that samples stored at a low temperature (-20 °C) are the best for soil blood mixture samples. Compared to samples paired with other types of soil (silt, clay, and marshland), sand soil had the largest production of DNA using the QIAmp investigator kit (Qiagen). Blood Miniprep kit extractions were mostly inhibited, the control that amplified confirms that this kit was the worst in terms of DNA extraction potency. The samples with fewer dirt particles had a much greater yield of DNA.
Challenges and Concerns of Parents with Children with Down Syndrome
Published on: 18th July, 2023
Down syndrome is a common chromosomal abnormality that affects individuals in their physical, cognitive, and social development. The diagnosis of this syndrome in a newborn can be challenging for parents as it may disrupt family dynamics. In this study, we describe the different aspects of the impact of Down syndrome on parents, including psychological, social, and familial impacts. 55 cases participated in this survey; the average age of parents was 34 years old, and mothers represented 96% of the participants. 70% of cases were from urban areas. The average time between diagnosis and parental evaluation was 32.7 months. In 57% of families, the diagnosis of Down syndrome was established only after the third month of pregnancy, and only 5% obtained it during the prenatal period. Depression was reported in 32% of mothers at the time of diagnosis, while one mother exhibited persistent denial of her child’s disability. 30% of families indicated that their child with Down syndrome was the source of tension within the couple and that learning difficulties were the main factor of tension, while 1% eventually divorced. 5% of parents regretted having a child with Down syndrome. All mothers expressed concerns about their child’s future and are in favor of the establishment of a national screening program for trisomy 21 and dedicated learning centers to ensure social and professional integration.
Evaluation of the Antihyperglycaemic Activities, Safety and Phytochemical Profile of Celtis zenkeri Engl
Published on: 14th July, 2023
Objective: The study evaluated the hyperglycaemia-lowering effects, safety, and phytochemical profile of Celtis zenkeri leaf extract in order to justify its antidiabetic folkloric usage. Methods: Modified OECD test guidelines were used to assess its acute and sub-acute toxicity while its effect on blood parameters such as blood glucose, and haematological and biochemical levels were evaluated using appropriate assays. Both in vitro and in vivo antihyperglycaemic assays were used for the antidiabetic studies while histology of the pancreas, liver, and kidney of the rats was examined after treatment with the extract at 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg for 21 days. GC-MS analysis was used to determine the chemical constituents of the extract. Results: The results obtained showed that the leaf extract of C. zenkeri was not toxic in rats at 5000 mg/kg. It elicited a significant decrease in the blood glucose levels of the animals but did not affect the haematological and biochemical components of normal rats. It significantly inhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase actions and gave comparable activity to glibenclamide (5 mg/kg) at all time points at 200 and 400 mg/kg. The extract comparably reduced blood glucose levels with glibenclamide at 100 and 200 mg/kg on days 10 and 14 in drug-induced diabetic rats and maintained the histoarchitecture of the liver, kidney, and pancreas at 250 and 500 mg/kg.Conclusion: The study justified the ethnomedicinal use of C. zenkeri in diabetes management.
Transcanal Endoscopic Excision of Glomus Tympanicum in can tho Ent Hospital: Three Cases Report
Published on: 13th July, 2023
Glomus tympanicum (GT) is a highly vascular, benign, and slow-growing tumor of the middle ear. It can be confused with other common ear diseases such as acute middle ear infection, otitis media with effusion, ear trauma… It is accurately diagnosed by history and endoscopy. CT scan showing: the presence of eroding jugular bulb is the most important thing to distinguish glomus tympanicum and glomus jugulare and assess the extension of the tumor to make good surgical planning. We present here the three cases in Can Tho ENT hospital: where total excisions were achieved trans-canal endoscopically without embolization. These procedures were safe, quick, and effective due to the better visualization of the surgical field with the endoscope.
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