Understanding RNG Gas Quality through Execution at Newtown Creek WRRF RNG
Published on: 25th May, 2023
With each passing year a new record for global emissions is set (1) and policymakers and utility companies must embrace all avenues for decarbonization of energy. Universal adoption of electrification for every building and home by 2050 (2) is not practical, a balance must be struck between an equitable transition to cleaner energy supplies and ensuring uninterrupted, safe delivery of energy to utility customers. Renewable Natual Gas (RNG) is a molecule-for-molecule replacement of traditional geological natural gas with tangible life cycle emissions reductions. California continues to lead the way, initially starting with the low carbon fuel standard (LCFS) which aimed to reduce the carbon intensity of transportation fuel, and subsequently, Senate Bill 1440, which established RNG procurement goals including 12% RNG by 2030 (3). Other States are starting to adopt similar changes such as Oregon’s Senate Bill 98 and Colorado’s Senate Bill 21-264. As utilities attempt to transition the energy network, they must never compromise system safety and reliability. Recognizing that raw biogas has dangerous levels of contaminants of concern (COC) and must be conditioned to pipeline quality, its important utility companies better understand the methods with which methane is extracted and the testing protocols used to confirm performance. This paper highlights the equipment, processes, and testing regime National Grid and its partner the New York City Department of Environmental Protection (NYC DEP) deployed as part of its Newtown Creek RNG project, which successfully began injecting RNG into the NYC gas distribution network in October 2022.
Nasal cytology in patients with previous SARS-CoV-2 infection: occurrence of atypical lymphocytes
Published on: 31st May, 2023
SARS-CoV-2 is a new pandemic infection that affects at the beginning the upper respiratory system, and, successively, all the organisms, due to cytokine storm, with serious consequences that can reach death. The aim of this work was the observation of the nasal mucosa of enrolled 60 patients, resulting negative for two weeks to the molecular swab for SARS-CoV-2, versus the control group. Rhino-fibroscopy and nasal cytology of nasal mucosa were performed for both the investigated groups. The observation of the samples showed the occurrence of plasmablastic lymphocytes and Downey II lymphocytes type. The former type of lymphocytes was prevalent against the second one, probably because of an immunological “scar”. The rhino-fibroscopy showed a “pseudo ischemia of nasal submucosa” at pre and pericranial levels, not occurred in the control group.The occurrence of atypical lymphocytes in the nasal smear was analog to that observed in the blood peripheral smear, probably caused by mechanisms of local immune reaction and dysregulation like those observed in other virus infections. Our findings suggest that the nasal mucosa study through the nasal cytology, can represent an important predictive tool of the SARS-CoV-2 infection.
COVID-19 detection and classification: key AI challenges and recommendations for the way forward
Published on: 25th May, 2023
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a viral pneumonia that is found in China and has spread globally. Early diagnosis is important for effective and timely treatment. Thus, many ongoing studies attempt to solve key COVID-19 problems such as workload classification, detection, and differentiation from other pneumonia and healthy lungs using different imaging modalities. Researchers have identified some limitations in the deployment of deep learning methods to detect COVID-19, but there are still unmet challenges to be addressed. The use of binary classifiers or building classifiers based on only a few classes is some of the limitations that most of the existing research on the COVID-19 classification problem suffers from. Additionally, most prior studies have focused on model or ensemble models that depend on a flat single-feature imaging modality without using any clinical information or benefiting from the hierarchical structure of pneumonia, which leads to clinical challenges, and evaluated their systems using a small public dataset. Additionally, reliance on diagnostic processes based on CT as the main imaging modality, ignoring chest X-rays. Radiologists, computer scientists, and physicians all need to come to an understanding of these interdisciplinary issues. This article first highlights the challenges of deep learning deployment for COVID-19 detection using a literature review and document analysis. Second, it provides six key recommendations that could assist future researchers in this field in improving the diagnostic process for COVID-19. However, there is a need for a collective effort from all of them to consider the provided recommendations to effectively solve these issues.
Room temperature organic superconductor compound prediction based on fractals in mesoscopic-scale regime
Published on: 17th May, 2023
Based on paraffin-wax include, volcano-based antimony-bearing, phospholipid, antimony found in gold deposit and TIPSb/triisopropylantimony ever predicted as the room temperature organic superconductor compound. Many flourishing explanations have been declared, from variational method to inductive deduction, with all indicating the presence of C9H21O3Sb.PBr6.We consider that aplications in mesoscale regime, at least when using multiscale fractal of critical parameter that affects physical & chemical properties and to adopt “mesoscopic scale” ever stated as “superconductors” by Holmvall (2017). Then the mathematical induction of variational method of exploitation on integers & natural numbers herewith paraffin-wax etc can be resembled the ever built antimony containing compounds to keep the realm of predictions.
Myocardial fibrosis in aortic stenosis: comparison between clinical data, laboratory, echocardiography, and cardiac magnetic resonance
Published on: 16th May, 2023
Introduction: Patients with aortic stenosis often develop hypertrophy and fibrosis, regardless of symptoms. Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR) represents the gold standard for the evaluation of fibrosis despite numerous limitations: cost, availability, atrial fibrillation, claustrophobia, kidney failure or inability to apnea.Purpose: The aim is to validate the role of echocardiographic parameters, such as Global Longitudinal Strain (GLS), as early markers of fibrosis. Clinical and laboratory data, particularly B-type Natriuretic Peptide (BNP), were also analyzed.Material and methods: In our study we recruited 33 patients with severe aortic stenosis, correlating echocardiographic values of GLS with the qualitative analysis of Late Gadolinium Enhancement (LGE) and the quantitative analysis of T1 mapping of CMR.Results: 70% of patients with an alteration of GLS had LGE+. Univariate logistic regression shows that the factors associated with the presence of LGE on CMR are hypertension (p = 0.043), GLS (p = 0.032), and elevated BNP values (p = 0.021); for GLS, Odds Ratio (OR) is 5 so the chance of finding fibrosis on CMR increases 5 times in presence of an altered GLS. The multivariate analysis confirms the association with impaired GLS values (p = 0.033) and hypertension (p = 0.025), but not with elevated Pro-BNP values.Conclusion: In patients with severe aortic stenosis, the association between GLS, LGE, and T1 mapping can help identify earlier those patients with structural changes caused by the disease, who could benefit from early intervention. It remains to be established how the presence of these alterations has a role in determining the intervention time and the outcome of these patients.
Security and performance of remote patient monitoring for chronic heart failure with Satelia® Cardio: First results from real-world use
Published on: 15th May, 2023
Background: Since 2019, remote patient monitoring (RPM) for patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) has been supported by the European Society of Cardiology. However, real-world data on the use of such solutions has been limited and not primarily based on patient-reported outcomes. The aim of this study was to describe the Satelia® Cardio solution in France within the French ETAPES funding program and assess the security and performance of its clinical algorithm.Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted on CHF patients monitored by RPM through Satelia® Cardio. From September 1, 2018, to June 30, 2020, patients were included if they had completed over six months of follow-up. The risk of a possible CHF decompensation was categorized by the system in three levels: green, orange and red. The algorithm security and performance were assessed through the negative predictive value (NPV) of the prediction of hospitalization of a patient within seven days.Results: In total, 331 patients were included in this study with 36,682 patient self-administered questionnaires answered. Patients were mostly males (70.4%) and had a mean age of 68.1 years. The mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was 35.4% (± 12.3) and 73.3% of patients had a LVEF ≤ 40%. The questionnaire response rate was 90.9%. A green status was generated for 95.3% of answers. There were 4.5% (n = 1,499) orange alerts and 0.2% (n = 74) red alerts. Overall, 92.1% of patients had at least one CHF related hospitalization and 31.7% (n = 105) of these cases were non-scheduled. The NPV at seven days was 99.43%.Conclusion: Satelia® Cardio is a feasible, relevant and reliable solution to safely monitor the cohorts of patients with CHF, reassuring cardiologists about patient stability.
Role of Inflammatory Markers in Predicting Severity in COVID-19 Patients at Tertiary Care Hospital, Ujjain (M.P.)
Published on: 12th May, 2023
Originating from China in 2019, the novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had badly affected most of the world causing immense morbidity and mortality. The disease in moderate to severe cases was characterized by intense inflammation leading to ARDS and hypercoagulable states leading to thrombo-embolism and mortality.Aim: This study aimed to explore the association of inflammatory biomarkers with COVID-19 disease severity in our hospital which became a dedicated COVID hospital during the pandemic.
The effect of respira inhalation on the oxygen saturation of a patient’s blood (SpO2): A Case Report
Published on: 7th April, 2023
Introduction: Infection and the accompanying inflammation of the upper and lower respiratory tract, influenza and COVID-19, are among the deadliest diseases in human life in the world. Due to the high emergence of bacterial resistance to antibiotics, we strive to find alternatives to contribute to the treatment by using a new formulation of a mixture of six essential oils in the form of a drop called Respira drops for a therapeutic approach to the upper or lower parts of the respiratory system infection, either by inhalation or sniffing, or by touching it with the body in the form of a skin patch on the head, neck, or chest. The present study suggested that natural essential oils may act as a prophylactic and therapeutic agent in respiratory tract hypoxia, inflammation, and bacterial and viral infection (influenza and COVID-19).Case presentation: A 62-year-old Yemeni man was suffering from acute pneumonia and had used antibiotics his condition improved, but he was suffering from difficulty breathing and stayed on the use of oxygen at home for more than three months, and his SpO2 ranged between 75 to 85 and he also suffered from an abdominal hernia, and he went for a procedure Surgery, and when the SpO2 was measured at 86, the surgery was not completed as a result, so he used Respira drops by inhalation and by steam for twenty-four hours and the next day he went to the hospital and the SpO2 was measured 96 and the operation was performed and he continued using Respira for two weeks three times per day and his condition improved completely.Conclusion: The present case study shows the excellent therapeutic response for Respira drops as inhalation and smiling three times per day increased SpO2 levels which reflect the anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and anti-viral effects (influenza and COVID-19).
Nanometer-scale distribution of PD-1 in the melanoma tumor microenvironment
Published on: 10th May, 2023
The nanometer-scale spatial organization of immune receptors plays a role in cell activation and suppression. While the connection between this spatial organization and cell signaling events is emerging from cell culture experiments, how these results translate to more physiologically relevant settings like the tumor microenvironment remains poorly understood due to the challenges of high-resolution imaging in vivo. Here we perform super-resolution immunofluorescence microscopy of human melanoma tissue sections to examine the spatial organization of the immune checkpoint inhibitor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1). We show that PD-1 exhibits a variety of organizations ranging from nanometer-scale clusters to more uniform membrane labeling. Our results demonstrate the capability of super-resolution imaging to examine the spatial organization of immune checkpoint markers in the tumor microenvironment, suggesting a future direction for both clinical and immunology research.
Addressing reproductive healthcare disparities: strategies for achieving health equity
Published on: 8th May, 2023
Reproductive health care disparity is a significant public health issue that affects many populations. This disparity stems from various factors, including race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, geographic location, and education level. Such inequality results in adverse health outcomes such as unintended pregnancy, infertility and sexually transmitted infections among certain populations. Therefore, addressing reproductive health care disparities requires increasing access to affordable and comprehensive reproductive health services, promoting culturally competent care, improving access to family planning services and addressing barriers to care. Furthermore, promoting comprehensive sexuality education and addressing the root causes of inequality are also crucial in eliminating reproductive health care disparities. By addressing these disparities, we can ensure that all individuals have equal access to quality reproductive health care and services, leading to improved health outcomes for everyone.
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