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Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) is a major public health concern, affecting approximately 900,000 people annually in the United States. In rare cases, a Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO) may allow a venous thrombus to cross into the arterial circulation, causing a paradoxical embolism. This case report presents a 46-year-old male who developed left renal artery stenosis after a paradoxical embolism, likely triggered by a prolonged flight and binge alcohol consumption. The patient was found to have a moderate-sized PFO and renal infarction, confirmed by imaging studies. Despite initial anticoagulation therapy and a planned stenting procedure, intraoperative findings revealed only mild stenosis, leading to cancellation of the stent placement. The patient ultimately underwent PFO closure with an Amplatzer Talisman device. This case underscores the diagnostic challenges in managing paradoxical embolism and the need for individualized treatment, particularly concerning anticoagulation duration, the decision for PFO closure, and post-procedural antithrombotic therapy. Further research is required to establish optimal management strategies for cryptogenic embolic events.

Cutaneous Angioleiomyoma is a very rare benign tumour of which incidence is unknown. We report a case of a 42-year-old male patient who presented with a symptomless solitary nodule over the left nostril for one and a half years duration. Complete surgical excision of the tumour was done and the sample was sent for histopathological examination. Diagnosis of this tumour was done on the evidence of histopathological examination with haematoxylin and eosin mounts. Sometimes achieving the best aesthetically accepted results may be challenging due to the site of involvement. 

Flooding is a significant natural hazard impacting societies worldwide, with increasing severity in urbanized regions. This paper presents a case study of Lagos, Nigeria, examining flood risk management efforts in the city. The purpose is to evaluate the effectiveness of current strategies and suggest improvements for reducing the impacts of flooding. Findings highlight the roles of government and private stakeholders, as well as policy challenges. Recommendations for sustainable flood management practices are provided, with implications for other high-risk areas. 

Previable Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes (PPROM) before 24 weeks of gestation in dichorionic diamniotic (DCDA) twin pregnancies is a rare and challenging obstetric complication. Three cases are presented in this case series, all involving prolonged latency periods of 74, 98, and 158 days following membrane rupture. The management strategy employed was expectant, utilizing antibiotic prophylaxis and close monitoring to prevent infection. Neonatal outcomes varied, with pulmonary hypoplasia and respiratory distress observed in some cases. One twin from Case 2 died due to sepsis, while the remaining twins in all three instances survived after extended neonatal intensive care. This series highlights the potential for extended latency and favorable outcomes in select cases, though neonatal morbidity remains a significant risk, underscoring the need for individualized counseling and vigilant care.

Carbon footprint refers to the total amount of greenhouse gas emitted in the atmosphere by an individual or by an organization causing global warming. There are various causes of greenhouse gas emissions and anaesthetic gases are one amongst them. Greenhouse gases warm the earth by absorbing infrared energy and slowing the rate at which the energy escapes into space. Each greenhouse gas has two important properties. One is the amount of infrared energy that a gas can absorb and the other is the lifetime of that gas in the atmosphere. Anaesthesia as a speciality contributes to carbon footprinting in three ways: direct emission, energy use, and operating room wastes and supplies. Direct emission of Waste Anaesthetic Gases (WAG) from anaesthesia workstations can either be scavenged and thrown out into the environment causing a green greenhouse gas effect or can pollute the operating room due to poor scavenging. Various techniques such as reducing direct emissions, energy use optimisation, and waste management have been tried in minimising carbon footprint in anaesthesia practice but providing safety to the patient is considered of utmost importance.

This paper examines the effects of globalization on nations, focusing on economic, social, and cultural dimensions. It analyzes the roles of protectionism and globalization in shaping consumer welfare and producer earnings through qualitative methods and the Customs Union theory framework. The study discusses the benefits and drawbacks of globalization in the context of World Trade Organization (WTO) regulations. The findings indicate that globalization has intensified financial flows between countries, which can exacerbate economic crises. Countries with abundant human resources can capitalize on the international division of labor to specialize in high-value sectors, while those with limited resources risk falling behind in the digital landscape. This division of labor fosters specialization and improves production efficiency through targeted education. However, multinational corporations often impede cost-effective production in developing nations, underscoring the necessity to restructure research and development to facilitate technology adoption in underdeveloped areas. This restructuring can help close the technological gap and encourage equitable participation in the global economy. Jel code Classification: D6: Welfare economics, Fo1 Global outlook, F40: General F4: Macroeconomics aspects of international trade and finance

Long COVID can be defined as a set of symptoms appearing more than 28 days after a documented acute COVID-19. Among them, extreme fatigue and troubles of moods are the most common. To verify that acupuncture can efficiently alleviate long COVID, a chronic disease partly escaping to other treatments, especially fatigue and troubles of mood. To collect data pertaining to the patients included in the study as described in the STROBE guideline. To diagnose the clinical conditions of the patients using the Nan jing in order to choose the meridian and the points to be toned or dispersed depending on the observation of tongue and pulse. Acupuncture can greatly improve the troubles of patients suffering from long COVID after a reduced number of sessions (1 to 4).

Pneumomediastinum (mediastinal emphysema) is an uncommon condition characterized by the accumulation of air or gas in the mediastinum. Here is a case of a 16-year-old female known to have depression who presented to the emergency department with complaints of shortness of breath, restlessness, chest discomfort, and hoarseness of voice for 2 days. She was initially diagnosed with panic attack, and later on clinical examination, surgical emphysema over the right supraclavicular area was noticed. Chest X-ray was found to be normal, and further imaging with high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the thorax showed pneumomediastinum. In this report, the clinical presentations, radiological features, and management of pneumomediastinum will be discussed.

Many studies from the early 20th century on the significance of the pores of Kohn were assessed based on the pathogenesis and pathology of pneumococci pneumonia occurring in man. The pneumococci were carried in the edema fluid directly from alveolus to alveolus through the pores of Kohn and from bronchiole to bronchiole as a result of repeated aspirations, aided by breathing, coughing, and gravity. With the emerging minimally invasive and non-invasive techniques experimentations and the current medications; tackling exacerbations and improving the pulmonary function in various lung diseases remains a dilemma for clinicians and researchers. In this article, we aim to review specifically the pores of Kohn as this is the portal for the spread of infection but also lung recruitment during breathing.

Background: One of the problems in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment for infertility is the high frequency of embryo developmental arrest in the preimplantation stages. Arrested embryos were not selected for transfer and were usually discarded. Case report: We present a case of clinical pregnancy and live birth following IVF treatment and transfer of one arrested embryo. A 31-year-old woman with unexplained infertility underwent IVF treatment. Using the IVF procedure, 7 embryos were produced which were frozen on day 3. In order to embryo transfer in the blastocyst stage, two embryos were thawed and cultured for 2 days. After thawing, one of them was not suitable for transfer and another embryo was arrested at the 10-12 cell stage. Discussion: The Clinical pregnancy and live birth happened after the transfer of an arrested embryo on day 5.Conclusion: This case showed that arrested embryos may resume growth after the transfer to the uterus and result in a successful pregnancy and live birth.

With the integration of mobile systems into daily life, social media applications used especially on Android and iOS platforms contain a significant amount of sensitive information. Social media applications on mobile systems have huge personal and sensitive content. Therefore, it is important to design effective techniques for forensic analysis of social media applications and to detect personal data. In this research, three different paid mobile forensic software and 4 different brands and models of smartphones with different operating systems were used and analyzed. The study shows that private messages, e-mails, time information, shared data, location and time information, and other personal data can be obtained by a forensic expert who performs an examination, and it is seen that one software can access the deleted data, but another software cannot access it. In proportion to the technology used in today’s world, mobile forensics incidents are increasing day by day, and a competitive environment is created among the software used to illuminate these incidents. With this competition, software companies dealing with forensic informatics are trying to obtain different data to illuminate forensic events that may occur due to the active use of social media accounts with the developing technology, and software that does not meet the needs in the face of this situation remains in the background. The criminal elements in the investigation areas of mobile forensics differ daily, and the scope of crimes in the virtual environment is expanding with the developing technology. Therefore, mobile forensic analysis applications should be successful in social media applications other than standard data.

Introduction: This study aims at evaluating selected linear anthropometrics of three Nigerian ethnic groups to provide baseline data for the creation of 3D Negroid anatomic models.Methods: The research design was a cross-sectional design. The sampling technique was multistage proportionate random sampling. The places of study were Imo, Oyo, and Kano States of Nigeria. The study lasted for one (1) year. Random selection of 1500 adult males from three major tribes (500 Igbo, 500 Yoruba, and 500 Hausa between the ages of 18 and 40 years). Tukey’s Post Hoc test of multiple comparisons was carried out to determine the specific ethnic groups that differ in specific anthropometric parameters.Results: The differences in standing height, arm length, and thigh length across the Hausa, Igbo, and Yoruba ethnic groups are statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The study concluded that the Igbo and Yoruba groups had higher standing heights compared to the Hausa group. Arm length was longer in the Igbo and Yoruba groups compared to the Hausa group. However, thigh length was greater in the Hausa group compared to both the Igbo and Yoruba groups, while the Hausa group had longer thigh lengths than both the Igbo and Yoruba groups. The Igbo group displayed the largest arm span, whereas the Hausa group had the widest shoulder breadth. However, the Hausa group had a lower bi-iliac breadth in comparison to the other two ethnic groups.

To expand the spectrum of used radiopharmaceuticals, it is proposed to obtain a positron-emitting isotope of technetium 94mTc. The intention of this work is to research the possibility of producing various technetium isotopes on a medical cyclotron. For this purpose, we carried out a series of irradiations of an aqueous solution of molybdenum of natural isotopic composition with protons of 11 MeV energy. After technetium isolation, results were analyzed on a γ-spectrometer. 511 keV gamma-ray line was obtained.

The causes of hypercapnia in Acute Cardiogenic Pulmonary Edema are still unknown. Our hypothesis recognizes an alteration of the ventilation-perfusion ratio in the apical areas of the lung as the major cause. The redistribution of blood to the apical lung zone in hypertensive pulmonary circulation determines an excess of perfusion compared to ventilation and consequently hypercapnia. Our suggestion might be in favor of Bilevel-PAP over Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) as the first line of therapy.

Modern Agricultural production wants to efficiently produce plant products and benefits to meet people's needs. However, because of better plant species and varieties, overuse of fertilizer and overdose of pesticide alters the plant resources relationship, resulting in soil degradation, vegetation decline, and crop failure or waste of resources, which influence the quality of fruit and benefit and are unfavorable for the sustainable utilization of nature resources and crops high-quality development. After a couple of years of study, the results showed that Agricultural development went into agricultural high-quality development in 2017, which is to use effective measures or methods to maximize yield and benefits and meet the need of people's need for better Agricultural produce and a better life. The theory foundation of the sustainable utilization of natural resources and Agriculture high-quality production is the resources use limit by plants, vegetation carrying capacity, and critical period of plant resources relationship regulation. The methods of Agriculture high-quality development are to select excellent plant species or varieties based on site conditions and market needs before planting crop young plants and sowing seeds, adopt appropriate initial planting density when planting crop young plants and sowing seeds, and regulate the relationship between plant growth and resources need in the process of crop production in a timely and appropriate amount, especially the chemical fertilizer and pesticide to obtain the maximum yield and benefits and realize the sustainable utilization of natural resources and achieve agricultural high-quality development.

Pseudotumoral calcinosis (CPT) is a condition characterized by the deposition of calcium phosphate crystals in the periarticular tissues, forming large calcified masses. Although the pathophysiology of CPT is not fully understood, an increase in the calcium-phosphate product beyond the precipitation threshold and severe hyperparathyroidism appear to play a significant role. Treatment remains controversial, with surgical excision often recommended. We report a case of CPT in a 74-year-old diabetic patient undergoing chronic hemodialysis who experienced progressively worsening pain in the left hip for six months, along with mobility difficulties. A CT scan revealed a calcified mass on the posterior thigh, likely explaining the electric shock-like pain, as well as compression of the superficial femoral artery causing decubitus pain resembling critical limb ischemia. The biological assessment showed elevated calcium-phosphate levels and hyperparathyroidism. Surgical excision is not indicated due to the mass’s proximity to vascular and nerve structures. This case highlights the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of CPT, emphasizing the need for iterative angioplasties, considering that this condition is rare in chronic hemodialysis patients with calcified periarticular masses.

The external force in the relativistic equation of motion can be separated into two components: Fr and Fp. The first is expressed by the physical force divided by the square of the relativistic Lorentz factor, i.e γ2. This force dominates for non-relativistic velocities and vanishes for velocities approaching the speed of light c. On the other hand, the second term increases from zero with increasing velocity and dominates for velocities close to c. It is then a purely relativistic component. The characteristic feature of this component is its zero power, Fp ⋅ v = 0, but it is responsible for the relativistic precession. The effect was confirmed by numerical solutions of the equation of motion. Relativistic formulas for the precession frequency for point objects moving in selected fields of central forces were also derived analytically. It has been shown that for weak gravitational interactions, the correction for relativistic precession is small, negligibly small for Earth, and relatively small, though measurable, for Mercury. In turn, for the microworld and electrostatic forces (e.g., for the hydrogen atom), relativistic precession can fundamentally affect the movement of the electron.

For the first time, the interaction between Hydrogen atom and Free-Electron Lasers (FEL) is simulated. The conversion efficiency of High-order Harmonic Generation (HHG) can be enhanced by utilizing a two-color free electron laser with frequency multiplication. It is found that the conversion efficiency of HHG is improved to the largest extent when fourth-fold frequency multiplication is introduced into two-color FEL. The microscopic mechanism of improving the efficiency of HHG is analyzed and discussed.

Calorie restriction has been shown to slow the aging process in numerous organisms including primates. Caloric excess states, such as type 2 diabetes, are associated with accelerated aging and the incidence and severity of chronic diseases. The nutrient-sensing pathways and intestinal microbiome are important systems that affect aging and chronic disease development. This manuscript reviews the various pathways involved with aging and chronic disease development and examines the pharmacological manipulation of these systems which appear to slow aging and the chronic diseases of aging in experimental model organisms and collaborating human data when available. Finally, the abundance of experimental and human data suggesting the newer diabetic medications, the sodium-glucose transport inhibitors, are potent anti-aging agents is provided.

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, with coronary angioplasty being a crucial intervention for patients with significant disease. This study aimed to identify and analyze the causes of coronary angioplasty denial in patients with significant coronary artery disease in Afghanistan, focusing on demographic, socioeconomic, and clinical factors.A case-control study was conducted with a sample size of 213 patients diagnosed with significant CAD at tertiary care center in Afghanistan. The case group consisted of 106 patients who were denied angioplasty, and the control group included 107 patients who underwent the procedure. Data were collected on demographic characteristics, comorbidities, education, residence, functional status, income, and the reasons for angioplasty denial. Descriptive statistics and comparative analyses were performed to assess the factors associated with denial.The primary reasons for angioplasty denial were financial constraints (45.3%, p < 0.001), limited hospital facilities (15.1%, p = 0.045), patient refusal (23.6%, p < 0.001), and physician preference for conservative management (12.3%, p = 0.091). Denial rates were higher among patients who were older, had multiple comorbidities, were from rural areas, and had lower education and income levels. Illiteracy and cultural beliefs contributed significantly to patient refusal, while inadequate healthcare infrastructure disproportionately affected rural populations.Financial and infrastructural barriers are the leading causes of coronary angioplasty denial in Afghanistan, exacerbating disparities in healthcare access, particularly among low-income and rural patients. Addressing these issues through policy reforms, improved healthcare infrastructure, and targeted public health education is essential to reducing CAD-related morbidity and mortality in the country.