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The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) technology into various fields, particularly healthcare, has demonstrated considerable potential in improving efficiency and accuracy. However, the potential risks associated with unprofessional or inappropriate use of AI cannot be overlooked. The current landscape of healthcare demonstrates a growing reliance on AI tools, which is expected to expand in the future. The existing literature highlights the effectiveness  of various AI applications, including chatbots, in specific medical domains. This study aims to review relevant literature in the pharmaceutical and galenic fields while evaluating a prominent AI chatbot provider. Based on the findings, this article presents critical considerations for researchers and practitioners. A thorough assessment of the benefits and risks associated with AI technologies is essential as these tools become increasingly prevalent in pharmaceutical practices.

Post-COVID pulmonary fibrosis has emerged as a significant long-term complication among survivors of severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. This review highlights the underlying pathophysiology, diagnostic modalities, and recent advances in the diagnosis and management of post-COVID pulmonary fibrosis. As global cases of COVID-19 continue to evolve, understanding and addressing this emerging chronic respiratory condition is critical for long-term patient care.

Objectives: Hospitalization following a head injury is associated with high rates of disability that have a strong correlation with depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem. Well-being is related to life satisfaction, quality of life, happiness, personal growth and flourishing, competence, self-acceptance, positive relationships, and autonomy. The well-being of patients and their primary caregivers is important when a patient is left with impaired mobility after neurosurgery. The aim of this study is to examine whether the well-being of patients and their primary caregivers will differ before and after neurosurgery, and whether well-being differs between patients with motor disability (WMD group) and those without, compared to those who are not - NMD group (non-motor disability).Methodology: 123 patients and their main caregivers were recruited. Of these, 62 were in the before neurosurgical group, 31 Patients and 31 caregivers. 61 in the after neurosurgical group, 30 Patients and 31 caregivers, of which there are 16 from WMD group and 15 from NMD. Main outcome measures: Two analyses of Variance (ANOVA) were conducted: for WMD and NMD separately. The results reveal a significant decrease in wellbeing for both, patient and main caregivers, but a stronger decline in well-being was observed among WMD, as indicated by a larger effect size (η² = 0.74) compared to the NMD (η² = 0.38). In addition, no significant effect between group and time of measurement was found, indicating that the decrease in wellbeing was not different among patients compared to their main caregivers. Conclusion: The findings highlight the multifaceted impact of neurosurgery on well-being, particularly for patients who remain with motor disabilities and their primary caregivers.The decline in well-being after neurosurgery highlights the need for improved social support and the importance of developing treatment programs that can help ease the process of coping with these phenomena and provide appropriate support for both patients and their primary caregivers.

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are common opportunistic diseases, primarily caused by Escherichia coli, which utilizes various virulence factors, including the hlyA gene encoding hemolysin. Phenolic compounds in fruits and vegetables, known for their antimicrobial properties, were examined for their effects on E. coli. This study involved 60 E. coli isolates from Aleppo University Hospital, identified via biochemical and molecular tests. The hemolytic ability was assessed phenotypically, and the hlyA gene was detected using PCR. The impact of pyrogallol and catechol on these isolates was also evaluated. Results showed a 54.6% isolation rate of E. coli, with a higher rate in females (71.7%) than males (28.3%). The 20-40 age group was most affected, comprising 38.4% of cases. Hemolytic activity was observed in 45% of isolates, and the hlyA gene was present in 41.6% of cases. Pyrogallol exhibited a bactericidal effect at high concentrations and mild growth at lower levels, while catechol showed no antibacterial effects. These experimental investigations were validated by docking those polyphenols to the hlyA predicted, validated 3D structure where pyrogallol exhibited stronger binding affinity than catechol (-5.2 vs. -4.8 kcal/mol). The study underscores the significance of the hlyA gene in E. coli virulence and highlights the potential antibacterial properties of phenolic compounds at specific concentrations.

Forensic science can significantly enhance criminal investigation equity and accuracy. In India, though, forensic experts remain underutilized as case investigations are predominantly performed by law enforcement agencies. This article documents findings of a survey of 230 respondents half of them being forensic experts and other non-forensic respondents like law enforcers exhibiting a wide perceptual gap. While forensic experts emphasize the need for independent intervention so that objective outcomes would be achieved, police respondents strongly favor conventional investigation methods. Systemic barriers like training constraints, availability limitations, and formalization of processes also discourage effective integration of forensic science. The research highlights efforts at policy reform that accord forensic experts a more active role, thereby strengthening the credibility and objectivity of India’s justice system.

Our evaluation and its outcomes/outcomes/hints spotlight that gaining a (having to do with measuring matters with numbers) knowledge of the proteome company in living cells, and its outcomes/consequences/tips for the (introduction and production/ organization of objects) of condensates and MLOs, is a critical assignment that the section separation field wishes to face/address. Our findings that dosage-sensitive (tiny chemical meeting commands interior of living things), insufficient (tiny chemical meeting commands internal of living things) and homologs especially, are overrepresented amongst human LLPS drivers, spotlight furthermore the needed component of preserving the mobile (oversupply/huge quantity) of the (bearing on everyone or issue) DNA/RNA merchandise at a great degree well suited with tightly managed LLPS conduct, to keep away from extreme (diseases/the have a look at of diseases) that unexpected errors in any direction may also cause. In-depth close interest of the records on DNA/RNA concentrations used in the LLPS experiments assisting our excessive self-belief dataset of human driver DNA/RNA s laid the uncertainties related with defining the frame-shape-related meaningful ranges of this essential restriction/guiding principle that leads and controls condensate (introduction and production/ organization of items), and recommended how those uncertainties can be lessened (something awful) and (ultimately) shortened.Graphical abstract: Computational Simulation of Phase-Molecular Separation-DNA/RNA-Related Function Based on Gene Ontology Using Combination of Computational Fluid Dynamics, Machine Learning and Membrane Systems.

This study explores the dynamics of social exclusion in healthcare settings within the rural Ganderbal district of Kashmir, focusing on the availability of health facilities and the health-seeking behaviors of socially disadvantaged populations. Through a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative data from interviews and qualitative insights from observation, the research reveals significant disparities in healthcare access between rural and urban areas. Key findings indicate that rural residents face exclusion due to a scarcity of hospitals, unavailability of 24-hour medical staff, inadequate infrastructure, staffing shortages, and systemic biases, compounded by environmental and occupational challenges. Communicable diseases predominate, with majority of respondents affected, and traditional healers and medical shops serve as primary care sources over formal institutions like government hospitals. Socio-economic factors, including low literacy, reliance on agriculture, and poverty, exacerbate these issues. The study highlights higher infant mortality and malnutrition rates in rural areas compared to urban centers, underscoring the need for attitudinal shifts among healthcare providers and systemic improvements in infrastructure and policy to enhance health equity. By addressing an underexplored gap in rural health research in India, this work aims to inform strategies for inclusive healthcare delivery, potentially yielding broader societal benefits through improved well-being and demographic dividends.

Biotechnology has always played an important role in tackling global concerns, particularly in the Global South, where socioeconomic gaps sometimes stymie scientific progress. Recent advances in synthetic biology and computational technologies have the potential to revolutionize biotechnology in these locations. Synthetic biology allows for the creation and manipulation of biological systems, with promise applications in healthcare, agriculture, and environmental control. Computational methods such as machine learning and artificial intelligence help to optimize synthetic biology processes, enabling innovations that are suited to local requirements. The combination of these cutting-edge technologies with traditional biotechnological techniques has the potential to dramatically improve the Global South's ability to solve issues such as disease outbreaks, food security, and sustainable development. This abstract outline the critical intersections of synthetic biology and computational advancements and their potential to empower the Global South, highlighting the need for supportive policies and capacity-building initiatives to maximize their impact.

This article provides a comprehensive overview of the properties, applications, and fabrication techniques of nanofibers, which are characterized by their ultrafine diameters and unique features such as high surface area and aspect ratio. These attributes render nanofibers particularly advantageous for a wide range of applications, especially in the biomedical sector, encompassing areas like tissue engineering, drug delivery, and wound dressing. The article highlights various studies that illustrate the potential of nanofibers in addressing healthcare challenges, particularly their utilization in scaffolds for regenerative medicine and as carriers for controlled drug delivery. Furthermore, it discusses different preparation methods for nanofibers, including electrospinning and alternative techniques, while stressing the importance of polymer selection in achieving optimal drug-release properties. The article also delves into the application of nanofibers in tissue engineering, specifically for bone, cartilage, and vascular applications, and examines their emerging roles in organ-on-a-chip technology and contraceptive development. In conclusion, the article emphasizes the versatility and significance of nanofibers in advancing medical technologies and their potential to address contemporary health challenges. Collaborative efforts between material scientists and biologists are essential to foster interdisciplinary research aimed at improving electrospinning methodologies.

The role of free radicals and antioxidants is often underestimated despite their involvement in key metabolic processes, although they participate in many important metabolic processes in the life of humans, animals and plants. Their quantity and quality differ from each other, which is not respected. Each cell is attacked approximately 10,000 times by free radicals. Oxidative stress is the cause of many problems, especially in viral diseases. Monitoring of redox potentials in body fluids is usually not carried out. Viral replication is influenced by oxidative energy, derived from either host metabolism or free radical activity, which is supplied by oxidation by free radicals or the host. Nucleic acid mutations due to the effect of free radicals can be the cause of carcinomas, and possible defense against mutations could help eradicate dangerous viruses. The importance of malondialdehyde and antibodies against it is discussed. Eliminating free radicals, reducing lipoperoxidation, and protecting against environmental oxidative stress are important factors for human health.Study objective: To highlight the importance of free radicals, antioxidants and redox potentials for patient diagnosis and therapy.Methods: This study synthesizes findings from multiple published sources, including our own research.Results: Findings highlight the role of free radicals in oxidative stress, DNA damage, and viral replication, with redox potential (ORP) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) identified as key diagnostic markers.Conclusion: Monitoring oxidative balance and targeting free radical activity are essential for preventing cellular damage and improving clinical outcomes in oxidative stress-related diseases.

Introduction: Forensic psychology plays a critical role in the criminal justice system, bridging the gap between psychology and law enforcement. One of its most significant applications is in criminal profiling, which involves the analysis of crime scene evidence, behavioral patterns, and psychological indicators to construct a profile of potential offenders. This study explores the intersection of forensic psychology and criminal profiling, focusing on how psychological principles aid in understanding and predicting criminal behavior.Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and limitations of criminal profiling as a tool in criminal investigations, and to examine the methodologies that underpin profiling practices as a vital tool in the field of forensic sciences.Methodology: Qualitative content analysis of documented criminal cases from reputable journals were reviewed for this study. Related articles were searched for from Google Scholar and Research Gate using the Keywords. A selection of high-profile cases where profiling significantly contributed to suspect identification were analyzed to assess the practical utility of psychological profiling.Results: The results indicate that while criminal profiling is not a standalone solution, it offers valuable insights when integrated with traditional investigative techniques. Psychological constructs such as personality disorders, cognitive distortions, and behavioral consistency were found to be instrumental in building accurate profiles. However, the findings also highlight challenges including subjectivity, bias, and the risk of stereotyping, potentially compromising investigative objectivity.Conclusion: Forensic psychology, through the application of criminal profiling, provides a powerful adjunct to investigative procedures. When used responsibly and in conjunction with empirical data and forensic evidence, profiling can enhance the efficiency and direction of criminal investigations. Continued research and standardization of profiling methodologies are essential to maximize its reliability and effectiveness in modern forensic practice. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the practical roles and limitations of forensic psychology’s role in the pursuit of justice.