Minds after Death: The Expanding Role of Psychological Autopsy in Investigations: A Review
Published on: 12th September, 2025
Deaths can result from deliberate self-harm (DSH), accidents, natural causes, homicides, or remain unidentified, causing prolonged distress for the deceased’s family and challenges for authorities. Suicide, a significant public health concern, exemplifies self-destructive behavior often unnoticed or partially noticed. Psychological Autopsy (PA) is highly needed in India due to the significant suicide rate and the complex factors contributing to it. Various nations, including the USA, UK, Canada and Australia, have already recognized psychological autopsy as crucial evidence in court. Although PAs are performed in India, their legal acceptability remains debated. It helps in giving a lesser clouded vision of the victim profile and at times even facilitates the specific definition of the cause of death. Studies reveal that about 90% of those who commit suicide suffer from one or more mental disorders, with depression most common; hence, this finding has been beneficial in identification and treatment of such cases at earliest so as to prevent suicide. Recommendations for the future development of this method include embracing modern communication methods and ‘invisible informants’, cultural intersections, safeguarding of reliability and validity, and the use of feasibility trials. The emphasis remains on collating the raw narratives at the core of these interviews, which make the psychological autopsy such a unique and perceptive tool.
Forensic Perspectives on Human Chimerism: Identification Challenges and Detection Strategies
Published on: 9th September, 2025
Chimerism is a biological condition in which a single individual harbors two or more genetically distinct cell populations originating from different zygotes. This phenomenon may occur naturally due to errors during fertilization or early embryonic development, or it may arise artificially following medical interventions such as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) or in vitro fertilization (IVF). Chimerism is broadly categorized as natural or artificial, and its presence presents significant challenges in both clinical and forensic contexts. In transplant recipients, the coexistence of donor- and host-derived cells can generate misleading genetic test results and complicate post-transplant monitoring. In forensic investigations, individuals with mixed DNA profiles may be difficult to identify accurately, as standard genetic fingerprinting technologies can yield inconclusive or erroneous findings. These complications underscore the necessity of reliable detection methods capable of identifying and differentiating chimeric cell populations. This review consolidates current knowledge regarding the classification of chimerism and the available diagnostic techniques, emphasizing that improved understanding of this condition is essential for enhancing diagnostic precision, optimizing forensic identification, and minimizing the risk of misinterpretation that may adversely affect medical decisions and legal determinations.
Seismic Analysis of Semi-rigid Frames using Skeleton Joints
Published on: 3rd September, 2025
This study proposes a new type of flange-widened bone-type semi-rigid frame node, and takes a 4-story frame as an example, uses the finite element software Abaqus to analyze its seismic performance under different seismic waves, and compares it with the traditional rigid connection frame. The results show that the stiffness of the new node frame is slightly lower than that of the tradition rigid node frame, which reduces the horizontal displacement of each layer under the action of earthquake, optimizes the deformation capacity, and enhances the force performance and ductility, the maximun value of the base shear force is lower than that of the traditional rigid frame, which can effectively disperse and dissipate the seismic energy andimprove the overall stabitity of the structure; the elastic-plastic interlayer displacement angle is less than 1/50 under rare earthquakes, which meets the requirements of the specification and can achieve the goal of “no collapse in a large earthquake”. In addition, the node can effectively improve the safety and reliability of the structure in actual engineering.
Critical and Comparative Analysis of the 2025 AHA/ACC/AANP/AAPA/ABC/ACCP/ACPM/AGS/AMA/ASPC/NMA/PCNA/SGIM Guideline for Hypertension and Other International Guides and Protocols
Published on: 3rd September, 2025
The 2025 AHA/ACC/AANP/AAPA/ABC/ACCP/ACPM/AGS/AMA/ASPC/NMA/PCNA/SGIM guideline for the prevention, detection, evaluation, and management of arterial hypertension introduces important updates compared with the 2017 version. Given the global impact of hypertension as a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and the coexistence of multiple international and national recommendations, the Mexican Expert Group on Arterial Hypertension (GREHTA) conducted a structured review and comparative analysis. We contrasted the 2025 AHA/ACC recommendations with those of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH 2023), the European Society of Cardiology (ESC 2024), the Latin American Society of Hypertension (LASH 2024), and the National Medical Care Protocol of Mexico (PRONAM 2025). Our goal is to provide clinicians with a clear, evidence-based synthesis to guide practical decision-making. Key topics include definitions and thresholds, diagnostic methods, cardiovascular risk stratification, therapeutic strategies, special populations, and resistant hypertension. GREHTA emphasizes a pragmatic, regionally adapted approach, highlighting early combination therapy, risk factor integration, and systematic follow-up.
Assessment of Albino Beech Supremacy to Pigmented Beech Proves to Be A Better Environmental Condition Bioindicator
Published on: 2nd September, 2025
The research was conducted in southern Serbia, at an altitude of 600 meters, in a beech stand, on a dwarf albino specimen furher usually called Absiente pigmente fagus or just Absiente pigmente. Soil sampling and analysis were carried out at depths of 0-10 cm, 11-20 cm, and 21-30 cm. Laboratory tests included determination of the textural composition of the soil, total humus content, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and potassium, the sum of absorbed base cations, determination of hydrolytic acidity, and both active and substitutional acidity. The soil was found to have a sandy textural composition, with a strong to very strong acidic reaction and a low degree of saturation with base cations. It was further determined to be highly humic, well-supplied with total nitrogen and plant-available potassium, but poorly supplied with phosphorus. Chemical composition analyses of the leaves were simultaneously conducted on both pigmented and non-pigmented leaves. The composition of 15 macro and microelements was examined. The results showed that their concentration in albino leaves was 30% - 50% higher, except in the case of Se. The presence of heavy metals such as cadmium, chromium, and nickel was significantly higher in the non-pigmented beech tissue compared to the green tissue (38.56% for Cd, 22.97% for Cr, and 44.89% for Ni). The research was conducted for the purpose of heavy metal extraction from the soil and green restoration, and it shall continue to this end.
The Role of Anemia of Inflammation in the Course of Chronic HBV Infection in Children
Published on: 2nd September, 2025
The article evaluates the features of the course of chronic HBV infection in children with the background of anemia of inflammation. A brief description of the clinical and laboratory manifestations of the disease is given, depending on the course of anemia and inflammation. The data on hepcidin dynamics are analyzed. The stage–by-stage formation of iron metabolism disorders was revealed, in the form of a true deficiency with a breakdown of ferrokinetic markers – an increase in hepcidin and soluble transferin receptors with the background reduced ferritin values characteristic of iron deficiency anemia in the initial stages of the disease and, redistributive iron deficiency - decrease in hepcidin and soluble transferrin receptors with the background increased ferritin values characteristic of iron overload the body is in the late stages of the disease.
Necrotizing Fasciitis in Neonates Case Series
Published on: 1st September, 2025
Introduction: Necrotizing Fasciitis (NF) is a rapidly progressing and life-threatening soft tissue infection, exceedingly rare but often fatal in neonates. This case series highlights the rarity, fulminant nature, and poor prognosis of neonatal NF by presenting four cases.Case presentation: Four neonates, aged 12-16 days, presented with rapidly spreading, tender, erythematous, and indurated skin lesions on their backs, initially resembling burns. Systemic symptoms like fever, lethargy, and poor feeding were common. Despite empirical antibiotics, the lesions progressed to necrosis, often with bullae formation. Microbiological cultures revealed polymicrobial growth in three cases (E. coli, Pseudomonas sp., Klebsiella, and MRSA) and monomicrobial growth of MRSA in one case, frequently exhibiting antibiotic resistance. Surgical debridement was performed in three cases. Despite aggressive management, two neonates succumbed to sepsis and multi-organ dysfunction. The other two neonates recovered after prolonged antibiotic therapy and wound care.Discussion: These cases underscore the diagnostic challenges and rapid progression of NF in neonates. The consistent presentation after 10 days of birth, rapid lesion spread mimicking burns, and predilection for the back were notable features. Polymicrobial infection was frequent. Early recognition, aggressive broad-spectrum antibiotics, and timely surgical debridement are crucial for improving the poor prognosis associated with this condition.
Differences in Percentages in Osseointegration and Bone Stability between Multibody and Standard Implants
Published on: 1st September, 2025
Dental implantology represents a cornerstone of modern restorative dentistry, providing long-term functional and esthetic rehabilitation of missing teeth. The process of osseointegration—first introduced by Brånemark—refers to the direct structural and functional connection between living bone and the surface of a load-bearing implant [Brånemark, 1985].
Application of Bioactive Cotton Packages for Packaging and Storage of Grains Using Aromatic Components
Published on: 29th August, 2025
In recent years, studies on the utility of essential oils and their components in the preservation of food commodities in order to enhance shelf-life has been successfully carried out. These essential oils and their components (Carvacrol, Eugenol and Cinnamaldehyde) can be used as antimicrobials and food preservative agents; however, their use raises concerns because of several reported side effects of synthetic oils. Due to their antimicrobial potential, essential oil constituents could be used as food preservatives for grains, cereals, vegetables and fruits. The aim of the treatments was carried out on the treated cotton packaging to maximize the benefit from its antimicrobial activity to extend grain Storage periods. The cotton fabrics treated in three steps: Carboxymethylation of cotton fabric (CMC) Cationization of cotton fabric 3-Treatment of the fabrics by reactive-cyclodextrine (RCD). Modified and unmodified cotton fabrics were treated with antibacterial agent by dipping them at room temperature for 2 hours under stirring in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solution containing 200, 250, 250 ppm of Eugenol, carvacrol and cinnamaldehyde respectively the samples were then roll-squeezed at pick up 100% and dried at room temperature. All treated and untreated fabrics were subjected to antimicrobial tests. Cotton fabric composites treated with cinnamaldehyde had the highest impact on reducing microbial preparation during storage period followed by cotton fabric composite treated by Carvacrol followed by cotton fabric composite treated by Eugenol which is less impactful to reduce microbial count during the storage period.
Rare Locations of Plasma Cell Tumour: A Single-Centre Experience
Published on: 27th August, 2025
Extramedullary involvement, also known as Extramedullary Disease (EMD), represents a highly aggressive variant of plasma cell dyscrasias. It is characterised by the presence of plasma cell clones that proliferate independently of the bone marrow microenvironment. While EMD most commonly affects the skin and soft tissues, in cases of disease relapse, it may extend to internal organs, including the liver, kidneys, central nervous system, chest wall, pleura, and pericardium.The reported incidence of EMD varies. A comprehensive review of the literature indicates that in newly diagnosed Multiple Myeloma (MM) patients, the incidence ranges from 0.5% to 4.5%. However, in relapsed or refractory MM, the incidence increases markedly, reaching between 3.4% and 14%. Prognosis remains poor, particularly when the paravertebral region is involved, as this often leads to vertebral body fractures that complicate treatment and worsen outcomes.Current data on therapeutic responses are primarily based on retrospective studies. Therefore, prospective trials are needed to more accurately assess the efficacy of various treatment regimens. This study presents a cohort of patients with paravertebral plasma cell tumours, with a specific focus on tumour location, associated vertebral fractures, available treatment strategies, and clinical responses following induction therapy.
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