Nematophagous Fungus: Pochonia chlamydosporia and Duddingtonia flagrans in the Control of Helminths in Laying Hens (Gallus gallus domesticus) Genus Hy-line Brown - Evaluation and Effectiveness
Published on: 9th September, 2025
The resistance to anthelmintics in poultry farming and the challenges with the restricted use of drugs in organic farms make the use of biological controllers an innovative bridge to verminosis control. This paper aims to evaluate the efficacy of the larvicidal fungus Duddingtonia flagrans and the ovicidal fungus Pochonia chlamydosporia in Hy-line Brown (Gallus Gallus Domesticus) layer farms. Both fungi were combined in the core of the feed administered to the birds of the treated groups. 28,000 birds were used and divided into three treated groups (TG) in which the feed containing the fungus was administered. The poultry house itself manufactures the birds’ feed; the formula was included in the nucleus at a dose of 100 grams per ton of feed for 7 months. The concentration was 105 chlamydospores of P. chlamydosporia and D. flagrans per gram of the formulation. The control group (CG) received regular food from the farm. The birds were separated into four sheds with 7,000 birds in each. The egg per gram of feces (EPG) testing was performed using fresh fecal samples collected from the sheds over six months. Weather data was collected during the experiment. There was a reduction in the EPG count into three treated groups. The most prevalent helminth was the genus Ascaris. The formulation tested shows little efficacy in this dosage. Key points:• The use of the fungus P. chlamydosporia and D. flagrans in organic farms;• Use of biocontrol agents without chemicals in poultry;
Investigating the Effect of the Family-Centered Empowerment Model (FCEM) on the Empowerment Indicators of Student Girls with Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) and Their Mothers
Published on: 27th August, 2025
Background and aims: Iron deficiency is one of the most important health issues in adolescents, especially girls. Today, empowerment is considered an effective program to change behavior in chronic disease control. This study was conducted to determine the effect of the family-centered empowerment model on the empowerment indicators of student girls with iron deficiency anemia and their mothers.Methods: This is a two-group semi-experimental study conducted on 60 student girls along with their mothers, who were selected by a two-stage cluster random sampling method. Data was collected using a demographic information questionnaire and an adolescent and mother empowerment questionnaire. The intervention based on the family-centered empowerment model was implemented for the test group, and after 1.5 months, data from both groups were collected and analyzed with chi-square, independent t, and paired t-tests.Results: The results of the independent t-test showed that there was a significant difference between the student girls in the test and control groups after the intervention in terms of empowerment indicators (p < 0.05). The results of the independent t-test showed that there was a significant difference between the mothers in the test and control groups after the intervention in terms of ability indicators (p < 0.05), while before the intervention, this difference was not significant (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that the implementation of the family-centered empowerment model not only increased the empowerment indicators of student girls with iron deficiency anemia but also had an effect on the empowerment of their mothers.
A Resurgence of the Idea of Hypertriglyceridemia and Lower Serum (HDL-C) as Predictive Factors for Insulin Resistance (IR) & Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Development: A Narrative Review
Published on: 24th July, 2025
Climate Change and the Untold Story of Ecoanxiety
Published on: 24th July, 2025
Anthropogenic activity has escalated the planet’s temperature and resulted in dire consequences on our environment, and our health, whether physical or mental. The imbalance created in the planet’s environmental conditions has consequently caused a rupture in mental health, and ecoanxiety has become one of the adverse indirect repercussions. Not quite recently, a sense of urgency has been spreading in the literature of climate change, evoking a call for action, and requesting commitment from us all: individuals, communities, and countries. This paper attempts to establish a link between the climate crisis and ecoanxiety in the aim to restore our cognition of our roles to save the planet, salvage our health and preserve, and conserve, environmental resources for future generations.
Intravenous Leiomyomatosis of the Uterus with Intracardiac Extension
Published on: 22nd July, 2025
Background: Intravascular Leiomyomatosis (IVL) is an often misdiagnosed rare benign mesenchymal tumor characterized by the presence of vascular extension and invasion of smooth muscle cells in a serpiginous-like pattern, first originating in uterine smooth muscle cells. Its growth pattern can involve both ovarian veins, the inferior vena cava, and even reach the right atrium/ventricle in 45% of the cases. The incidence has been reported to be 0.25 to 0.40% of patients with uterine leiomyoma, with about 300 cases reported in the literature. Also, since the tumor is hormone-dependent, most affected individuals are premenopausal women in middle age. Optimal treatment for IVL is complete surgical removal with hysterectomy and oophorectomy, independent of stage. The most frequent perioperative complications are hemorrhage due to tumoral hypervascularization, embolism, and the usual laparotomy complications. We present the case of a 51-year-old female with IVL stage 3 with complete single-stage surgical resolution.
Return to Driving in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Evaluation of Coping Strategies, Resilience, and Psychological Distress
Published on: 3rd July, 2025
Background: This study explored whether emotional distress, coping, and/or resilience contributed to return to driving (RTD) following experienced mild traumatic brain injury, and whether these variables of interest differed among those who had and had not RTD. Methods: The present study evaluated de-identified archival data of 65 patients with mTBI following an MVA. Patients were either the driver, passenger, /or pedestrian struck by a motor vehicle, and aged 22 to 69 years. The sample consisted of 36 men and 29 women with an average education. The mean months elapsed between the accident and the assessment was 16.82 months. Pearson correlations were used to test for associations between all explanatory and outcome variables. Separate linear and hierarchical regressions were carried out to evaluate whether variables of interest were significant predictors of RTD. Results: Findings revealed that the presence of depressive symptoms was associated with coping, irrespective of style, resilience, driving-related anxiety, and RTD. Moreover, RTD was related to driving-related anxiety, too, and in fact, anxiety (considering the presence of depressive symptoms) appeared to be an even greater limiting factor when considering RTD in this population. Age, gender, and education did not influence RTD. Conclusion: The present study revealed that depressive symptoms and driving-related anxiety in particular contribute to whether patients with mTBI RTD, irrespective of time since injury, age, and gender. Coping styles and resilience did not predict RTD. Further work is warranted to address the paucity of research investigating RTD parameters that contribute to and/or hinder RTD among mTBI sufferers.
Impact of Microplastics on Human Health through the Consumption of Seafood: A Review
Published on: 14th June, 2025
Microplastics (MPs) pose a significant risk to human health, particularly through seafood consumption. Once ingested, MPs can spread from the digestive system to other organs via phagocytosis and endocytosis, leading to toxicological effects. Accumulation of MPs in tissues causes swelling, blockages, oxidative stress, and Cytotoxicity. Studies show MPs alter metabolism, disrupt immune function, and contribute to autoimmune diseases. Chronic exposure has been linked to neurotoxicity, vascular inflammation, and increased cancer risk due to DNA damage. MPs can cross biological barriers, including the placenta, affecting fetal development. Additionally, they serve as vectors for pollutants and bacteria, further complicating health risks. MPs in the bloodstream can trigger inflammatory responses, endothelial adhesion, and red blood cell coagulation, leading to cardiovascular complications. In vitro studies indicate MPs impair renal function and cause long-term inflammation in distal tissues. Moreover, oxidative stress caused by MPs plays a critical role in carcinogenicity. Despite growing evidence of adverse health effects, further research is necessary to understand the full impact of MPs’ exposure on human health and develop effective mitigation strategies.
Cancer Cell Resistance: The Emergent Intelligence of Adaptation and the Need for Biophysical Integration
Published on: 16th May, 2025
Cancer has long been recognized as a complex, multifactorial disease, in which genetic mutations and epigenetic alterations drive unchecked proliferation, tissue invasion, and metastasis.
Estimation of Radiation Dose to Blood Vessels and Components from Medical Imaging Procedures: Current Status
Published on: 8th May, 2025
Aim: This study aims to determine the current status for estimation of radiation dose to blood vessels and components from medical imaging procedures.Methodology: A database search on internet via PubMed and Google Scholar was performed to find published papers in estimation of radiation dose to blood vessels and components from medical imaging procedures. Results: Few published papers were found; namely two published papers. Radiation dose to blood vessels and components were assumed to be included in total radiation dose estimation for organ or tissue, without considering different in radiosensitivity. Conclusion: It seems that effect of radiation on blood vessels and components is underestimated, in ICRP 60 and 103 recommendations reports. Recommendation: It is recommended to conduct more studies to estimate radiation dose for blood vessels and components from medical imaging procedures and revise the value of tissue weighting factor for bone marrow.
The Role of Genetic Mutations in the HPGD & SLCO2A1 Genes in Pachydermoperiostosis Syndrome
Published on: 1st May, 2025
Pachydermoperiostosis, also known as Primary Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy (PHO), is a rare genetic disorder. The three main features are: enlarged fingertips (clubbing), thickened facial skin (pachydermia), and excessive sweating (hyperhidrosis). PHO is characterized by problems with skin and bone growth. Patients with PHO usually have coarse facial features with oily, thick, grooved skin on the face, joint pain, enlarged fingertips and toes, and hyperhidrosis of the hands and feet. Symptoms vary individually; however, men generally present with more severe manifestations. X-rays can help check for features that are not noticeable to the naked eye. There are two genes that are associated with PHO: the HPGD gene, located on the long arm of chromosome 4 at 4q34.1, and the SLCO2A1 gene, located on the long arm of chromosome 3 at 3q22.1 - q22.2. Mutations in the HPGD gene are inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, and the condition is sometimes abbreviated as PHOAR1 or Touraine-Solente-Gole syndrome.
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