One of the most important and critical red blood cell disorders is dysfunction and deformation of the membrane structure, which affects the metabolic and biological red blood cell functions. On the other hand, the basic causes of these problems are the genetic mutations in the production of proteins that correlate to the structure and receptors of cells. The diagnosis methods and techniques are the other essential points that focus most scientists on. In this systematic review, the article pointed to the key title, which is the diagnosis of novel genes with different techniques and methods. The result of articles studies that were published in the last decades underlined the types of techniques such as Whole-Exome Sequencing, Quantitative Real-Time PCR, Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing, and Sulphate-Polyacrylamide Gel, which investigated the different membraned gene mutations that are novel and correlated to the genes that make the structures and functions of red blood cells such as hereditary spherocytosis, hereditary elliptocytosis, hereditary pyro poikilocytosis. In addition, the hereditary membrane disorders correlated to others, such as hereditary spherocytosis, have a relationship with vitamin B12, immunodeficiency.
Isabella Allana Ferreira*, Júlia dos Santos Fonseca, Ítalo Stoupa Vieira, Lorendane Millena de Carvalho and Jackson Victor de Araújo
Published on: 9th September, 2025
The resistance to anthelmintics in poultry farming and the challenges with the restricted use of drugs in organic farms make the use of biological controllers an innovative bridge to verminosis control. This paper aims to evaluate the efficacy of the larvicidal fungus Duddingtonia flagrans and the ovicidal fungus Pochonia chlamydosporia in Hy-line Brown (Gallus Gallus Domesticus) layer farms. Both fungi were combined in the core of the feed administered to the birds of the treated groups. 28,000 birds were used and divided into three treated groups (TG) in which the feed containing the fungus was administered. The poultry house itself manufactures the birds’ feed; the formula was included in the nucleus at a dose of 100 grams per ton of feed for 7 months. The concentration was 105 chlamydospores of P. chlamydosporia and D. flagrans per gram of the formulation. The control group (CG) received regular food from the farm. The birds were separated into four sheds with 7,000 birds in each. The egg per gram of feces (EPG) testing was performed using fresh fecal samples collected from the sheds over six months. Weather data was collected during the experiment. There was a reduction in the EPG count into three treated groups. The most prevalent helminth was the genus Ascaris. The formulation tested shows little efficacy in this dosage. Key points:• The use of the fungus P. chlamydosporia and D. flagrans in organic farms;• Use of biocontrol agents without chemicals in poultry;
Deaths can result from deliberate self-harm (DSH), accidents, natural causes, homicides, or remain unidentified, causing prolonged distress for the deceased’s family and challenges for authorities. Suicide, a significant public health concern, exemplifies self-destructive behavior often unnoticed or partially noticed. Psychological Autopsy (PA) is highly needed in India due to the significant suicide rate and the complex factors contributing to it. Various nations, including the USA, UK, Canada and Australia, have already recognized psychological autopsy as crucial evidence in court. Although PAs are performed in India, their legal acceptability remains debated. It helps in giving a lesser clouded vision of the victim profile and at times even facilitates the specific definition of the cause of death. Studies reveal that about 90% of those who commit suicide suffer from one or more mental disorders, with depression most common; hence, this finding has been beneficial in identification and treatment of such cases at earliest so as to prevent suicide. Recommendations for the future development of this method include embracing modern communication methods and ‘invisible informants’, cultural intersections, safeguarding of reliability and validity, and the use of feasibility trials. The emphasis remains on collating the raw narratives at the core of these interviews, which make the psychological autopsy such a unique and perceptive tool.
Chimerism is a biological condition in which a single individual harbors two or more genetically distinct cell populations originating from different zygotes. This phenomenon may occur naturally due to errors during fertilization or early embryonic development, or it may arise artificially following medical interventions such as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) or in vitro fertilization (IVF). Chimerism is broadly categorized as natural or artificial, and its presence presents significant challenges in both clinical and forensic contexts. In transplant recipients, the coexistence of donor- and host-derived cells can generate misleading genetic test results and complicate post-transplant monitoring. In forensic investigations, individuals with mixed DNA profiles may be difficult to identify accurately, as standard genetic fingerprinting technologies can yield inconclusive or erroneous findings. These complications underscore the necessity of reliable detection methods capable of identifying and differentiating chimeric cell populations. This review consolidates current knowledge regarding the classification of chimerism and the available diagnostic techniques, emphasizing that improved understanding of this condition is essential for enhancing diagnostic precision, optimizing forensic identification, and minimizing the risk of misinterpretation that may adversely affect medical decisions and legal determinations.
Cai Zi, Sun Menghan*, Zhang Chunhui, He luyao and Yang Zailin
Published on: 3rd September, 2025
This study proposes a new type of flange-widened bone-type semi-rigid frame node, and takes a 4-story frame as an example, uses the finite element software Abaqus to analyze its seismic performance under different seismic waves, and compares it with the traditional rigid connection frame. The results show that the stiffness of the new node frame is slightly lower than that of the tradition rigid node frame, which reduces the horizontal displacement of each layer under the action of earthquake, optimizes the deformation capacity, and enhances the force performance and ductility, the maximun value of the base shear force is lower than that of the traditional rigid frame, which can effectively disperse and dissipate the seismic energy andimprove the overall stabitity of the structure; the elastic-plastic interlayer displacement angle is less than 1/50 under rare earthquakes, which meets the requirements of the specification and can achieve the goal of “no collapse in a large earthquake”. In addition, the node can effectively improve the safety and reliability of the structure in actual engineering.
Luis Alcocer*, Martin Rosas-Peralta*, Héctor Galván-Oseguera, Humberto Álvarez-López, Ernesto Cardona-Muñoz, Adolfo Chávez-Mendoza, Silvia Palomo-Piñón, Enrique Díaz Díaz and José Manuel Enciso-Muñoz
Published on: 3rd September, 2025
The 2025 AHA/ACC/AANP/AAPA/ABC/ACCP/ACPM/AGS/AMA/ASPC/NMA/PCNA/SGIM guideline for the prevention, detection, evaluation, and management of arterial hypertension introduces important updates compared with the 2017 version. Given the global impact of hypertension as a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and the coexistence of multiple international and national recommendations, the Mexican Expert Group on Arterial Hypertension (GREHTA) conducted a structured review and comparative analysis. We contrasted the 2025 AHA/ACC recommendations with those of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH 2023), the European Society of Cardiology (ESC 2024), the Latin American Society of Hypertension (LASH 2024), and the National Medical Care Protocol of Mexico (PRONAM 2025). Our goal is to provide clinicians with a clear, evidence-based synthesis to guide practical decision-making. Key topics include definitions and thresholds, diagnostic methods, cardiovascular risk stratification, therapeutic strategies, special populations, and resistant hypertension. GREHTA emphasizes a pragmatic, regionally adapted approach, highlighting early combination therapy, risk factor integration, and systematic follow-up.
Renata Gagić-Serdar*, Miroslava Marković, Ljubinko Rakonjac, Goran Češljar and Bojan Konatar
Published on: 2nd September, 2025
The research was conducted in southern Serbia, at an altitude of 600 meters, in a beech stand, on a dwarf albino specimen furher usually called Absiente pigmente fagus or just Absiente pigmente. Soil sampling and analysis were carried out at depths of 0-10 cm, 11-20 cm, and 21-30 cm. Laboratory tests included determination of the textural composition of the soil, total humus content, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and potassium, the sum of absorbed base cations, determination of hydrolytic acidity, and both active and substitutional acidity. The soil was found to have a sandy textural composition, with a strong to very strong acidic reaction and a low degree of saturation with base cations. It was further determined to be highly humic, well-supplied with total nitrogen and plant-available potassium, but poorly supplied with phosphorus. Chemical composition analyses of the leaves were simultaneously conducted on both pigmented and non-pigmented leaves. The composition of 15 macro and microelements was examined. The results showed that their concentration in albino leaves was 30% - 50% higher, except in the case of Se. The presence of heavy metals such as cadmium, chromium, and nickel was significantly higher in the non-pigmented beech tissue compared to the green tissue (38.56% for Cd, 22.97% for Cr, and 44.89% for Ni). The research was conducted for the purpose of heavy metal extraction from the soil and green restoration, and it shall continue to this end.
The article evaluates the features of the course of chronic HBV infection in children with the background of anemia of inflammation. A brief description of the clinical and laboratory manifestations of the disease is given, depending on the course of anemia and inflammation. The data on hepcidin dynamics are analyzed. The stage–by-stage formation of iron metabolism disorders was revealed, in the form of a true deficiency with a breakdown of ferrokinetic markers – an increase in hepcidin and soluble transferin receptors with the background reduced ferritin values characteristic of iron deficiency anemia in the initial stages of the disease and, redistributive iron deficiency - decrease in hepcidin and soluble transferrin receptors with the background increased ferritin values characteristic of iron overload the body is in the late stages of the disease.
Introduction: Necrotizing Fasciitis (NF) is a rapidly progressing and life-threatening soft tissue infection, exceedingly rare but often fatal in neonates. This case series highlights the rarity, fulminant nature, and poor prognosis of neonatal NF by presenting four cases.Case presentation: Four neonates, aged 12-16 days, presented with rapidly spreading, tender, erythematous, and indurated skin lesions on their backs, initially resembling burns. Systemic symptoms like fever, lethargy, and poor feeding were common. Despite empirical antibiotics, the lesions progressed to necrosis, often with bullae formation. Microbiological cultures revealed polymicrobial growth in three cases (E. coli, Pseudomonas sp., Klebsiella, and MRSA) and monomicrobial growth of MRSA in one case, frequently exhibiting antibiotic resistance. Surgical debridement was performed in three cases. Despite aggressive management, two neonates succumbed to sepsis and multi-organ dysfunction. The other two neonates recovered after prolonged antibiotic therapy and wound care.Discussion: These cases underscore the diagnostic challenges and rapid progression of NF in neonates. The consistent presentation after 10 days of birth, rapid lesion spread mimicking burns, and predilection for the back were notable features. Polymicrobial infection was frequent. Early recognition, aggressive broad-spectrum antibiotics, and timely surgical debridement are crucial for improving the poor prognosis associated with this condition.
Dental implantology represents a cornerstone of modern restorative dentistry, providing long-term functional and esthetic rehabilitation of missing teeth. The process of osseointegration—first introduced by Brånemark—refers to the direct structural and functional connection between living bone and the surface of a load-bearing implant [Brånemark, 1985].
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