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In this research, for the purpose of social implementation, we conducted a near-miss demonstration experiment using a car driving in the city and a drive-simulator. Next, we conducted a demonstration experiment to evaluate the reliability of biometric information measured on patients in a medical facility's recuperation ward and residents of a special nursing home. NBC-1100 emits radar waves from a distance of up to 3 meters from an object and uses the reflected waves to measure biological information such as pulse waves and breathing waves. The multi-element pyroelectric effect was used to measure body temperature by detecting infrared radiation emitted from distant objects. This device is unique in that it can measure biological information without being restrained while wearing clothes. In the demonstration test, simultaneous measurements were conducted on nine healthy men aged 45 to 65 using a pharmaceutically approved product (μBP-mp) and a prototype non-contact biological monitor (NBC-1100 manufactured by K&S Co., Ltd.). The demonstration experiments at medical institutions and nursing care facilities were conducted with the consent of residents and their families and were conducted on 30 men and women between the ages of 70 and 94 who were undergoing treatment or in need of care. The tests were conducted on residents with chronic diseases such as dilated gastrostomies, symptomatic epilepsy, hypertension, Alzheimer's disease, and progressive supranuclear palsy. The evaluation method was simultaneous measurement using a master meter (μBP-mp) and a test meter (NBC-1100).

Objective: To determine the factors influencing completion of DOTS in Tuberculosis treatment in the Bahamas.Methods: A quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional survey. Tuberculosis patients aged 18 years and above were considered regardless of the site or the smear status of their TB. The sample size was 40. Data analysis and interpretation were done using the statistical package for the social sciences software (SPSS version 24), through the exploration and calculation of descriptive (frequencies, percentages, means, standard deviations, and inferential (Anova) statistical methods. Statistical significance was determined to be a p < 0.05. Results: The mean age of the respondents, was 39.9 years, SD 11.65, and 73% of them were men. 63% of participants, 78% of whom were citizens of the Bahamas, reported having no annual income. Seventy-eight percent (31) of the participants said they had insufficient food and drink while they were unwell. More than half of the participants in the survey reported being on at least one pharmaceutical regimen, although 36% said they were not actively taking any of the prescription medications.Conclusion: Less than a third were noncompliant with DOTS, this was influenced by factors such as annual income, no family support, marital status, employment status, and educational level.

Craniopharyngiomas are benign tumors (WHO Grade I), seen in children and adults. Because of their location, they can require challenging clinical and surgical management. In fact, often, because of the presence of calcifications, of a capsule very strongly adherent to neurovascular structures, of the relationship with hypophysis, pituitary stalk, chiasm, carotids, the circle of Willis, basilar artery, and third ventricle, risk of mortality and morbidity is still mandatory. Various surgical techniques have been proposed: transcranial, transsphenoidal, and supraorbital approaches for surgical resection and treatment of craniopharyngiomas. Still, there is no common consent, but often the endonasal transsphenoidal extended procedures are considered the gold standard in many cases. We present a surgical technique of a case of complete surgical removal of an infundibular and retro chiasmatic craniopharyngioma, via an endoscopic endonasal transphenoidal transplanum approach.

In this case report a 64-year-old male patient with recent past medical history of head injury complicated by zygomatic arc fracture and mild subarachnoid hemorrhage is studied. He had been presented to the Emergency Department because of progressive neurological symptoms and neurological deficits in the physical examination that could have been indicating subcacute subdural hemorrhage. However, the patient was reluctant to undergo diagnostic imaging due to concerns about radiation exposure. After several explanations, a CT scan was done, which revealed a bilateral subacute subdural hematoma. Neurosurgical management was initiated and intravenous corticosteroid therapy was administered to reduce local edema. The challenge of this case is based on the subtlety of symptoms that might cause patients to delay seeking medical attention. Additionally, patient reluctance to undergo diagnostic tests can complicate management, emphasizing the importance of patient education and therapeutic alliance. Multidisciplinary management involving Neurology and Neurosurgery is crucial for optimal patient care in such cases. This report underscores the significance of effective communication and collaborative decision-making between healthcare providers and patients to ensure timely and appropriate management of complex medical conditions.

Phyllanthus amarus Schum. and Thonn., a plant of substantial medicinal significance, is known for its usage in the ‘Ayurvedic’ system of medicine for over 2000 years. This herb grows throughout the world including India. P. amarus along with other species of its genus has been a vital part of several herbal formulations available in the Indian market under the trade name Bhuiamlaki. Several pharmacognostic evaluations over the years established the genus Phyllanthus of great commercial value. Ethnopharmacological studies conducted with P. amarus to date have shown its diverse therapeutic usage globally. This owes to the vast array of secondary metabolites present in the herb, substantially in the leaf tissue. Different analytical and phytochemistry studies performed across the globe revealed that P. amarus is a hub of various classes of secondary metabolites viz. lignans like phyllanthin, hypophyllanthin, flavonoids, alkaloids, triterpenes, sterols, volatile oil, ellagitannins including simple and complex tannins, etc. Different analytical techniques have been employed over the past years for isolating and studying these varied secondary metabolites. Further, bioactivities and pharmacological properties of P. amarus that were mainly due to the presence of these wide arrays of secondary metabolites have also been explored extensively across the globe by several research groups. This plant has also been explored at molecular and transcriptome level, although relatively lesser but its extensive molecular and transcriptome analysis have only been performed from our lab. Thus, P. amarus has considerable potential to be explored in the future as a significant therapeutic source not only in the traditional medicinal system but also in the modern pharmaceutical industry.

Weight gain can be good or bad for health. Benefits include increased health for overweight people, disease or surgical recovery, and more. Health concerns, joint and musculoskeletal disorders, respiratory issues, metabolic abnormalities, cardiovascular health, psychological impact, reduced mobility, digestive troubles, hormonal changes, and cancer risk are negative impacts. Weight gain outcomes depend on heredity, weight distribution, and health. Maintaining a healthy weight needs a balanced diet, regular exercise, and stress management. A doctor or nutritionist can offer personalized weight management advice. Stress chemicals like cortisol trigger weight gain. ACTH stimulates adrenal glands to release cortisol, which increases hunger, fat storage, insulin resistance, and muscle loss. Understanding how stress hormones like cortisol affect weight gain is vital to reducing chronic stress’s health risks. Stress reduction, a balanced diet, regular exercise, proper sleep, social support, and professional treatment can mitigate these outcomes. Ultimately, stress hormones like cortisol can cause weight gain, but a holistic strategy tackling physical and psychological stress can help people maintain a healthy weight.

Introduction: Bacterial resistance is a threat to public health, as it is estimated that 37,000 people die due to hospital infections, most of them due to multidrug-resistant bacteria. In part, this resistance is due to the inappropriate use of antibiotics, with ceftriaxone being one of the most used. Therefore, this article aims to analyze the consequences of using ceftriaxone in the hospital environment. Methodology: This is an integrative qualitative review, following the PICO strategy, using the Embase, BVS, and Pubmed databases, with the guiding question being: “In patients admitted to a hospital environment (P), is ceftriaxone used appropriately (I) for the treatment of infections (CO)?” and the time frame from 2013 to 2023. Results: 272 articles were found in total, 46 obtained from the VHL, 62 from PubMed, and 164 from Embase. Of these, 66 were duplicates, leaving 206 works for title and summary reading. After reading, 79 were selected for full reading, with 7 articles ultimately being selected for the study. An average of 62.3% of inappropriate use was found, with the minimum value found being 19% and the maximum being 87.9%. The main reasons for this use were: indication, dose, frequency, and duration. Conclusion: From reading the articles, it is concluded that the inappropriate use of ceftriaxone is mainly due to: indication, dose, frequency, and duration of treatment. These elements must be monitored, as their inappropriate use increases the length of hospital stay and may be associated with the emergence of bacterial resistance.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and diagnostic challenges associated with osteomyelitis in patients presenting with persistent lumbar pain and fever.Methods: We conducted a descriptive observational study, reviewing four cases of osteomyelitis diagnosed at our hospital’s Emergency Department in 2022. Data on patient demographics, medical history, clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, and treatment outcomes were analyzed.Findings: The cases included middle-aged to elderly men, with predisposing factors such as urological interventions and immunodeficiency. Imaging studies, particularly CT-scan and MRI, were instrumental in diagnosing lumbar spondylodiscitis. Biopsies revealed lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates and treatment responses were positive in all cases after eight months of follow-up. The study highlights the importance of considering osteomyelitis in the differential diagnosis of lumbar pain and fever, necessitating multidisciplinary collaboration for timely management.

Spinal muscular atrophy is an autosomal recessive neuromuscular disorder characterized by progressive muscle weakness and atrophy. It is one of the most common single-gene disorders with an incidence rate of approximately 1 in 10,000 live births. The clinical manifestations are progressive hypotonia and muscle weakness due to the degeneration of alpha neurons in the anterior horn cells of the spinal cord and motor nuclei in the lower brain stem. Depending on the severity of the symptoms, SMA has five subtypes. Supportive measures can be offered for respiratory, gastrointestinal, and musculoskeletal complications. Carrier testing for all couples is recommended and this can be done by Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA). Prenatal diagnosis can be offered to carrier couples. Therapies must be given within the newborn period for maximum benefit and before the loss of motor neurons. It is achieved by identifying the SMA babies through Newborn screening. Several new FDA-approved drugs can reduce the progression of symptoms in SMA. However, they cannot offer a definite cure. Clinical follow-up and Neurological assessment demonstrate that SMA children can attain developmental milestones after receiving treatment, which is never normally attained in untreated cases. In utero SMA treatment with Zolgensma would enhance the survival rate and favorable neurological outcomes in the future. Base editing and Gene editing with CRISPR-Cas technologies to target the mutations and restore functional and stable SMN protein levels are the future hopes for a permanent cure of SMA.

Peripartum cardiomyopathy is a rare case of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and is considered a diagnosis of exclusion. The symptoms of heart failure in patients with peripartum cardiomyopathy can mimic the physiologic conditions of normal pregnancy. In an acute decompensated state, PPCM can present with acute severe upper abdominal or epigastric pain. We are presenting a 24-year-old female with no personal or family history of heart disease and no identifiable risk factor for PPCM. Based on her initial presentation in the emergency department, a diagnosis of acute severe pancreatitis was sought, and she was referred to the Intensive Care Unit. After further evaluation of the serological tests and imaging, she was eventually diagnosed as a case of PPCM. We emphasize the rare nature of the disease with a diverse presentation which poses a diagnostic challenge, especially in a resource-limited setting where advanced diagnostic tools may be restricted and socioeconomic condition poses a barrier to further patient evaluation. This case exemplifies the infrequent occurrence and atypical manifestation, presenting a learning opportunity for future clinicians.

To prepare the population for first aid in case of traumatic shock, algorithms for the fundamentals of didactics of the educational topic “First aid to the population in case of traumatic shock during accidents, disasters, natural disasters and terrorist attacks” of the subject “Life Safety” are proposed. 32 years of experience in teaching the subject in humanitarian state educational institutions of higher professional education of a non-medical profile in the city of Syktyvkar are summarized. Educational questions are considered: 1) The concept of shock; 2) Traumatic shock; 3) Mechanisms of injury that contribute to the development of traumatic shock. Predisposing factors. Complications. At-risk groups; 4) Classification, phases, and degrees of shock; 5) Universal first aid algorithm; 6) Basic anti-shock measures in the source of mass destruction and at the stages of evacuation; 7) Features of anti-shock measures in children; 8) Typical first aid mistakes for traumatic shock. For each of the educational issues considered, a summary of the material presented is given. Depending on the purpose of studying the topic, purpose, content of educational material, and form of organization of training, the number of hours allocated to its presentation and study in various forms of the educational process is established. Their distribution includes 1 lecture (2 hours), 1 seminar (2), 1 practical lesson (2), and 6 hours of independent work by students.

This study aimed to examine the disparities of childhood cancer survival among different racial and ethnic groups in Texas. The analysis was mediated by socioeconomic status (SES) and spatial accessibility to Children Oncology Group (COG) hospitals. The relationship between race-ethnicity and overall survival was measured using the Cox proportional hazards model with a robust variance estimator. The counterfactual model measures the total effect of race-ethnicity on survival through all mediating pathways while adjusting for baseline confounders (age, sex, and stage at diagnosis), which are then decomposed into natural direct and indirect effects. Considering all cancer site groups, African Americans showed a statistically significant higher hazard ratio in death (HR = 3.63; 95% CI = 1.87 - 6.62) compared with non-Hispanic White children. At the same time, the mortality hazard ratio among Hispanic children is not significant (HR = 1.23; 95% CI = 0.80 - 1.93) when compared with non-Hispanic White children. Analysis results also suggested that both mediators significantly contribute to racial-ethnic survival disparities for specific cancer site groups such as Leukemia for African American children. This study builds knowledge and understanding about underlying factors (mediators) responsible for the disparities in the outcomes among childhood cancer patients.

In the biopharmaceutical production field, the purification process is a crucial step in order to obtain Drugs with an impurity profile according to the regulatory agency requirement.The aim of this work is to verify some relevant and recent literature and after analysis to submit to the researcher new Solutions in order to improve global safety and the toxicological profile: Submit a project related to the continuous testing of the purified materials using Raman spectroscopy – with pre-treatment of the sample: using solvents.Nanolipis Payload of Biopharmaceutical is not efficiently detected by direct Raman spectroscopy allowed by the regulatory agency for PAT process analytical technology.

Essential oils (EO) are extracted from different plant species and can be present in different plant organs. Rosemary-pepper EO is composed of around 50% to 70% thymol, a phenolic compound proven to be active against fungi and bacteria. The active components present in these compounds can affect the vital functionality of bacterial cells, leading to protein denaturation and cell lysis. Therefore, the present study aims to evaluate in vitro the antibacterial potential of Lippia origanoides EO against gram-negative bacteria. This is an exploratory study, with a technical-experimental procedure, with a quantitative approach, carried out at the Federal University of Campina Grande. The strains used were Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Proteus mirabilis ATCC 25933, and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, using concentrations of 1024, 512, 256, and 128 μg/ml using the disc diffusion method in triplicate. After the incubation period, the formation of halos of bacterial growth inhibition was not observed. There are possible causes for the lack of antibacterial activity of the EO concerning the strains of gram-negative bacteria used in the study, including the possibility of not containing components with antibacterial properties in concentrations sufficient for the expected activity at the concentrations tested. Based on the results obtained, the Rosemary-Pepper EO (Lippia organoids) did not demonstrate antimicrobial activity against the gram-negative bacteria used in the study. Therefore, the development of new research with Lippia origanoides essential oil with gram-positive bacteria is suggested.

Millets are physiologically and therapeutically healthy with high nutritious value and are in rising demand in emerging markets like India, China, Africa, and other developing countries including the Western world. Germinated Millets have high digestibility and are used as healthy food for children’s growth and development. Climate change resilience technology, high nutritional value, and the announcement of the year 2023 as “International Millet Year” have made it very popular. Bakery items based on Millet, particularly cookies, are becoming more popular in both urban and rural areas. Jaggery is raw sugar prepared from sugarcane juice and is considered superior to white sugar. It offers numerous nutritional and therapeutic benefits, including anti-carcinogenic with antitoxic actions. Hence, this study aimed to prepare healthy food items with germinated finger and pearl Millets for better nutritional quality that are attracting the attention of health-conscious people on a worldwide scale. Cookies made from blends of germinated wheat flour (GWF), germinated finger millet flour (GFMF), and germinated pearl millet flour (GPMF) were examined for their physicochemical qualities, in vitro digestibility, antioxidant activity, and overall acceptability by consumers. In vitro protein digestibility (62.24-82.34%), starch digestibility (47.48-62.41%), total phenolic content (11.45–49.12 mg GAE/100 g), and antioxidant activities significantly increased as the proportion of GFMF and GPMF flour increased in the cookie samples, whereas total starch, dietary fiber, carbohydrate, and phytic acid decreased. The physical qualities of the cookies were also improved by the addition of GFMF and GPMF flours. Cookies with acceptable sensory properties, including taste, aroma, appearance, mouthfeel, crispiness, and overall acceptability, were produced by blending 60% GWF, 20% GFMF, and 20% GPMF (T2). This study demonstrated that GFMF and GPMF flour blends may be used as functional ingredients to create superior goods.

Susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) is based on a 3D high-spatial-resolution, velocity-corrected gradient-echo MRI sequence that uses magnitude and filtered-phase information to create images. It SWI uses tissue magnetic susceptibility differences to generate signal contrast that may arise from paramagnetic (hemosiderin), diamagnetic (minerals and calcifications) and ferromagnetic (metal) molecules. Distinguishing between calcification and blood products is possible through the filtered phase images, helping to visualize osteoblastic and osteolytic bone metastases or demonstrating calcifications and osteoid production in liposarcoma and osteosarcoma. When acquired in combination with the injection of an exogenous contrast agent, contrast-enhanced SWI (CE-SWI) can simultaneously detect the T2* susceptibility effect, T2 signal difference, contrast-induced T1 shortening, and out-of-phase fat and water chemical shift effect. Bone and soft tissue lesion SWI features have been described, including giant cell tumors in bone and synovial sarcomas in soft tissues. We expand on the appearance of benign soft-tissue lesions such as hemangioma, neurofibroma, pigmented villonodular synovitis, abscess, and hematoma. Most myxoid sarcomas demonstrate absent or just low-grade intra-tumoral hemorrhage at the baseline. CE-SWI shows superior differentiation between mature fibrotic T2* dark components and active enhancing T1 shortening components in desmoid fibromatosis. SWI has gained popularity in oncologic MSK imaging because of its sensitivity for displaying hemorrhage in soft tissue lesions, thereby helping to differentiate benign versus malignant soft tissue tumors. The ability to show the viable, enhancing portions of a soft tissue sarcoma separately from hemorrhagic/necrotic components also suggests its utility as a biomarker of tumor treatment response. It is essential to understand and appreciate the differences between spontaneous hemorrhage patterns in high-grade sarcomas and those occurring in the therapy-induced necrosis process in responding tumors. Ring-like hemosiderin SWI pattern is observed in successfully treated sarcomas. CE-SWI also demonstrates early promising results in separating the T2* blooming of healthy iron-loaded bone marrow from the T1-shortened enhancement in bone marrow that is displaced by the tumor.SWI and CE-SWI in MSK oncology learning objectives: SWI and CE-SWI can be used to identify calcifications on MRI.Certain SWI and CE-SWI patterns can correlate with tumor histologic type.CE-SWI can discriminate mature from immature components of desmoid tumors.CE-SWI patterns can help to assess treatment response in soft tissue sarcomas.Understanding CE-SWI patterns in post-surgical changes can also be useful in discriminating between residual and recurrent tumors with overlapping imaging features.

The rising prevalence of chronic diseases and the aging population globally are diminishing the overall quality of life, especially for those with demanding daily routines. As medical advancements extend lifespans, the proportion of individuals over 60 is set to double by 2050, necessitating societal shifts toward health-responsible citizenship. Despite longer lifespans, evidence suggests that older age often accompanies mental health challenges such as anxiety, depression, and substance misuse. Social isolation and loneliness further compound these issues, affecting both physical and mental well-being. Digital wellness empowers individuals to take charge of their health, promoting proactive care and literacy to foster health-conscious citizenship. This paper explores the intersection of mental health, aging populations, preventive wellness initiatives, and health literacy, emphasizing their significance within the Health 5.0 framework, especially for older adults. Traditionally, health regulators offer static workflows for adopting standard procedures in health and well-being, reflecting a reactive approach. However, the evolving landscape of wearable and mobile devices connecting to healthcare IT systems through secure online networks necessitates a shift. Technology now facilitates remote patient monitoring and telemedicine service subscriptions and empowers individuals to manage their health proactively.The BE4YOU project, conducted in Portugal, serves as a case study, facilitating individual maintenance of health and well-being through intelligent and dynamic workflows, which are defined based on analytical models considering each person’s risk profile. By facilitating data sharing, promoting healthy lifestyles, and enabling early detection of mental health issues, the project leverages technology to support personalized monitoring and enhance overall health outcomes. Through technology-driven empowerment, individuals and healthcare professionals are better equipped to assess risks and ensure ongoing wellness monitoring, underscoring the role of technology in fostering personal health and supporting healthcare effectiveness.

Purpose: The role of healthcare workers in cervical cancer prevention is pivotal because healthcare workers’ recommendations have been reported to be a key motivational factor for cervical cancer screening among women in Nigeria. Assessing their knowledge, attitudes, and practices on cervical cancer prevention is necessary.Patients and methods: This is a cross-sectional survey involving healthcare workers in Ekiti State, Nigeria. A questionnaire designed for the study was used to obtain data about the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of the healthcare workers. Logistic regression was used to assess the determinants of practice and a p - value of less than 0.05 was taken as statistically significant.Results: Out of 188 participants that completed the study, 165(90.7%) had good knowledge about the prevention of cervical cancer while 24(13.2%) had good practice concerning the prevention of cervical cancer. positive attitude (Odds ratio 1.24, 95% CI 1.14 - 1.35, p < 0.001) increased the odds of good practice.Conclusion: There was no association between the knowledge of cervical cancer prevention and the practice of the healthcare workers. Further research is required to explore the incongruence between knowledge and practice of cervical cancer prevention and its practice.

Neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) pose a significant global health challenge, impacting millions with a gradual decline in neurons and cognitive abilities. Presently, available NDD therapies focus on symptom management rather than altering the disease trajectory. This underscores the critical necessity for groundbreaking treatments capable of addressing the root causes of neurodegeneration, offering both neuroprotection and neuro-restoration. This in-depth review delves into the forefront of emerging NDD therapies, encompassing gene therapy, stem cell therapy, immunotherapy, and neurotrophic factors. It sheds light on their potential advantages, hurdles, and recent advancements gleaned from both preclinical and clinical studies. Additionally, the document outlines existing NDD treatments, spanning pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions, along with their inherent limitations. The overarching conclusion emphasizes the immense potential of emerging therapies in NDD treatment, yet underscores the imperative for continued research and optimization to ensure their safety, efficacy, and specificity.

Strep throat, a common affliction known for its hallmark symptom of a severe and sudden sore throat, is caused by the bacterium Streptococcus pyogenes, classified under Group-A Streptococcus (GAS) [1]. This condition not only impacts millions globally but also carries the risk of severe complications if left untreated [2]. Understanding strep throat goes beyond recognizing its symptoms; it entails an appreciation of its transmission dynamics, potential complications, and the evolving landscape of treatment and prevention strategies [3].