covid-19 pre-elimination stage

Coronaviruses have reached at Pre-elimination Stage with Nine Amino Acid Spike Deletions and Forty-nine Nucleotide 3’-UTR Deletions

  • Asit Kumar Chakraborty*

Published on: 17th September, 2024

Background: Human 30kb coronaviruses entered through the ACE-2 receptors causing fibrosis of the lungs and causing six million deaths worldwide. Here, we have investigated the mutations, deletions and insertions of the recent JN.1 omicron coronaviruses to demonstrate that coronaviruses have reached the pre-elimination stage. Methods: We multi-aligned the genomes of recent JN.1 variants using NCBI Virus Portal and CLUSTAL-Omega. The spike proteins are multi-aligned using MultAlin software and CLUSTAL-Omega.Results: The 17MPLF spike insertion was confirmed to compensate 24LPP, 31S, 69HV, 145Y, 211N and 483V deletions. The 49nt deletions in the 3’-UTR were found in 4997 JN.1 sequences although 26nt deletion was initiated previously in JN.1 as well as BA.5, BF.7, BQ.1 and XBB.1.5 omicron viruses. We first compare 3-D structures of spike proteins with or without 17MPLF four amino acids insertion and nine amino acids deletions using SWISS MODELLING. The JN.1 viruses caused a more stable trimeric spike involving Thr342, Lys436, Lys440, His441, Ser442, Gly443, Tyr445, Lys479, Ser489, Tyr490, Arg493, Pro494, Thr495, and Gln501 amino acids to interact with ACE-2 receptors. The FLiRT spike mutations were found in most KP.2 variants and other changes occurred at the NH2 terminus.Conclusion: We claimed that pre-death changes were initiated in JN.1 COVID-19 lineages and computer simulation showed that the Howard spike with 17MPLF spike insertion appeared more stable than the Oppentrons-spike without 17MPLF insertion. Surely, conflicts of COVID-19 spike sequences must be resolved.
Cite this ArticleCrossMarkPublonsHarvard Library HOLLISGrowKudosResearchGateBase SearchOAI PMHAcademic MicrosoftScilitSemantic ScholarUniversite de ParisUW LibrariesSJSU King LibrarySJSU King LibraryNUS LibraryMcGillDET KGL BIBLiOTEKJCU DiscoveryUniversidad De LimaWorldCatVU on WorldCat
AbstractDOI: 10.29328/journal.ijcv.1001060Read Full Article HTMLRead Full Article PDF

Search by University/Institution

Enter your University/Institution to find colleagues at HSPI.

Ensuring author's satisfaction with

  • Friendly and hassle-free publication process
  • Less production time of articles
  • Constructive peer-review
  • Enhancing journal reputation
  • Regular feedback system
  • Quick response to authors' queries

Read More

Most Viewed Keywords

All Issues in 2025

Search Articles by Country

Get all latest articles in all Heighten Science Publications Inc journals by country.

Testmonials

The services of the journal were excellent. The most important thing for an author is the speed of the peer review which was really fast here. They returned in a few days and immediately replied all o...

Eastern Mediterranean University, Cyprus

Zehra Guchan TOPCU

We really appreciate your efforts towards our article, the professional way you handle our request for exemption from charges. It was a great honor for us to publish in your magazine.

Achraf elbakkaly

This is to specify that I have had an extensive and detailed interaction with the Editorial team of Annals of Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, USA, lasting over a significant period of time. ...

New Delhi, India

Anubha Bajaj

I would like to mention that I had a wonderful experience working with HSPI. The whole process right from manuscript submission to peer review till the publication of the article was very prompt & eff...

Amarjeet Gambhir

Really good service with prompt response. Looking forward to having long lasting relationship with your journal

Avishek Bagchi

I would like to thank JPRA for taking this decision. I understand the effort it represents for you. I'm truly happy to have the paper published in JPRA. And I'll certainly consider JPRA for my next pu...

Emmanuel BUSATO

“The choice to submit the forensic case study to the Journal of Addiction Therapy and Research was dictated by the match between the content and the potential readership. The publication process pro...

Elisabeth H Wiig

In my opinion, you provide a very fast and practical service.

Ahmet Eroglu

"This is my first time publishing with the journal/publisher. I am impressed at the promptness of the publishing staff and the professionalism displayed. Thank you for encouraging young researchers li...

Ekiti State University, Nigeria

Adebukola Ajite

Archives of Vascular Medicine is one of the top class journal for vascular medicine with highly interesting topics. You did a professional and great Job!

Elias Noory

View More

Browse by Subjects

Biology Group Journals

Chemistry Group Journals

Pharma Group Journals

Mathematics & Physics Group Journals

Engineering Group Journals

Clinical Group Journals

Medical Group Journals

Help ?

HSPI: We're glad you're here. Please click "create a new Query" if you are a new visitor to our website and need further information from us.

If you are already a member of our network and need to keep track of any developments regarding a question you have already submitted, click "take me to my Query."