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Giant prolactinoma case with side effects due to cabergoline

Published on: 16th March, 2020

OCLC Number/Unique Identifier: 8559315208

Dopamine agonists should usually be the first treatment for patients with prolactinomas of all sizes, because these drugs decrease serum prolactin concentrations and decrease the size of most lactotroph adenomas. Cabergoline is preferred first. When cabergoline develops side effects bromokriptin is switched. Cabergoline is more efficient than bromocriptine. Its side effect profile more favorable than bromocriptine. Cabergoline is an ergot dopamine agonist that is administered once or twice a week. Cabergoline can have rarely serious psychiatric adverse effects, including psychosis, impulse control disorders, dyskinesia, pulmonery fibrosis and valvular heart disease. Prolactinomas are the most common pituitary tumors, 93%-95% of the cases are microadenomas. Macroprolactinomas larger than 40 mm, known as giant prolactinomas, are exceptionally rare, accounting for 0.5% - 4% of all prolactin-hypersecreting adenomas. In our case, after the 7 x 6 cm giant macroprolactinoma operated we report the manic episode occuring during the second week of cabergoline treatment. In the treatment of patients with prolactinoma, cabergoline is a first choice drug because it has a better tolerance profile and is more effective, however, bromocriptine can be switched to when drug resistance or side effects develop to cabergoline.
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Resolved complete atrioventricular block and left ventricular severe dysfunction in patient with Wegener’s granulomatis after cyclophosphamide and corticosteroid treatment

Published on: 25th November, 2019

OCLC Number/Unique Identifier: 8440616545

Wegener’s granulomatosis is a systemic granulomatous focus on small to medium sized vessels. It typically affects sinuses, lungs and kidneys due to necrotizing granulomatous vasculitis. Less commonly, cardiac involvement is reported up to 8%-44% of cases [1-3]. It often rises to supraventricular arrhythmia, left ventricular systolic dysfunction, pericarditis, myocarditis, and valvulitis [4,5]. Cardiac conducting tissue involvement is rare and associated with increased mortality. It was only reported in fourteen previous cases, some of them were reversible to medical treatment [6]. 
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First cure case of 2019 novel coronavirus in Ningxia, China

Published on: 17th April, 2020

OCLC Number/Unique Identifier: 8582297969

On January 19, 2020, a 28-year-old male presented to the hospital with a 2-day history of fever, occasional cough and headache. He disclosed that he worked in Wuhan [1], China (the center of novel coronavirus outbreak) and flew to Yinchuan on the day of admission.
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Epiphora as a sign of unexpected underlying squamous cell carcinoma within sinonasal inverted papilloma

Published on: 15th June, 2020

OCLC Number/Unique Identifier: 8628632437

Sinonasal inverted papilloma (SIP) is a benign tumor which originates from the sinonasal Schneiderian mucosa and accounts for 0.5% to 4% of all nasal and sinus neoplasm [1]. Pathologically, SIP epithelium inverts into submucosal stroma, which is different from other types of nasal papilloma. Unlike other benign tumors, SIP exhibits remarkable aggressive behaviors, including invasiveness, recurrence and malignant transformation [2]. Therefore, SIP can spread into the paranasal sinus, orbit, and cranial base, which can lead to poor prognosis for SIP patients [2]. Secondary squamous cell carcinoma is malignancy formation within the SIP. It is considered primary if there is no additional mucosal condition or secondary if it occurs in conjunction with an additional condition, which is estimated to occur in about 9% of cases [3]. The authors report the case of a 66-year-old woman with SIP and secondary SCC of the right nasal cavity. This study was adherent with the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.
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Stability of facial soft tissue contour and bone wall at single maxillary tooth gap in early implant placement with contour augmentation: A case report

Published on: 23rd December, 2020

OCLC Number/Unique Identifier: 8872696999

Stability of esthetic implant buccal soft and hard tissue contour using freeze-dried bone allograft in early implant placement with contour augmentation.
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4-year recurrence risk factors after tension-free vaginal tape-obturator as a treatment of stress urinary incontinence

Published on: 4th November, 2020

OCLC Number/Unique Identifier: 8875587752

Objectives: Tension-free vaginal tapes are the gold standard of the surgical treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI); however, long-term recurrence of SUI after this surgery has been a matter of problem. Here, we attempted to determine the incidence of its recurrence and to identify the risk factors of 4-year-recurrence of SUI after this surgery. Methods: Of all patients undergoing this surgery (n = 341, 2015-2019), 71 patients were met the study inclusion criteria. Of 71, SUI recurred in 8 patients, with the recurrence rate being 11.3%. The following three were identified to be independent risk factors: older age, history of delivery of macrosomic baby (>4 kg), and the presence of mixed urinary incontinence. The frequency of recurrence in cases with mixed incontinence amounted for 19.5%. Recurrence was 22 and 50% for women with macrosomic delivery once and more than twice, respectively. Conclusion: Advanced age, macrosomic delivery and mixed urinary incontinence have shown to be independent risk factors of recurrence of SUI after tension-free vaginal tape-obturator at 4 years. Key message: Stress urinary incontinence can recur so investigate possible risk factors is a priority. Our paper relates recurrence with: advanced age, fetal macrosomia and mixed incontinence.
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Multiparametric MRI for the Assessment of Treatment Effect and Tumor Recurrence in Soft-tissue Sarcoma of the Extremities

Published on: 20th September, 2023

Soft-tissue sarcomas are a rare and complex group of malignant tumors. Advanced MRI sequences such as diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and perfusion-weighted imaging/dynamic contrast enhancement (PWI/DCE) can provide valuable tumor characterization and treatment response assessment. In the case of archetypical cellular tumors such as Pleomorphic Undifferentiated sarcoma (UPS), Good responders often display right-side displacement of the ADC intensity histogram, resulting in increased ADC-mean and decreased kurtosis and Skewness compared with Baseline and poor responders’ more left-sided curve. The PWI/DCE pattern most often associated with a good response is the presence of a “capsular-like” enhancement and a TIC type 2. Sarcoma hemorrhage patterns on SWI emerge during treatment, including “interstitial,” globular,” “luminal,” and incomplete and complete “peripheral ring-like” tumor wall hemosiderin impregnation. Treatment-induced bleeding is typically associated with low SWI-mean values and a left-sided intensity histogram with positive Skewness.During post-surgical surveillance, DCE MR imaging can reliably distinguish recurrent sarcoma from post-surgical scarring. TICs III, IV, and V raise the suspicion of local tumor recurrence, while TIC type II usually represents benign post-operative change such as granulation tissue. Advanced MRI is an essential tool for assessing sarcomas during and after therapy.
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Influence of COPD on the Diaphragm and Muscles of the Lower Limbs

Published on: 1st October, 2024

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with numerous comorbidities, including muscle involvement which consists of changes in the structure and function of peripheral and respiratory muscles. Ultrasound can provide a non-invasive assessment of muscle damage. Ultrasound assessment of the quadriceps contractility index (Qci) is feasible, rapid, simple, and reliable. Numerous studies have demonstrated that Qci is linked to the severity of COPD, clinical symptoms, and respiratory muscle activity. Furthermore, ultrasound makes it possible to observe the dynamics of the diaphragm by measuring its amplitude, its contraction speed, and the duration of each contraction phase. Ultrasound examination of muscle damage in COPD could constitute a promising new tool to assess the severity of the disease.
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A review on efficacy of Cissus quadrangularis in pharmacological mechanisms

Published on: 4th December, 2020

OCLC Number/Unique Identifier: 8870455099

Cissus quadrangularis a succulent vine belongs to Vitaceae family is widely distributed throughout tropical and subtropical regions of the world and used frequently to various disorders. The plant has been reported to contain flavonoids, triterpenoids, phytosterols, glycosides and rich source of calcium. This study aims to bring a systematic review of C. quadrangularis in various pharmacological mechanisms. Evidence from the previous studies suggested the efficacy of C. quadrangularis with antimicrobial, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, anti-oxidant, bone turnover, cardiovascular and hepatoprotective activities. In conclusion, Cissus quadrangularis appears worthy of pharmacological investigations for new drug formulations.
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What, how and when should we instruct mothers about neonatal jaundice

Published on: 30th July, 2022

OCLC Number/Unique Identifier: 9579209925

Most parents in affluent countries receive information about neonatal jaundice from instructional pamphlets and/or verbally from nurses before discharge. Predischarge protocols, content and delivery of information for parents, and screening for jaundice vary among hospitals. Newborns are usually screened either visually or with a transcutaneous monitor to estimate the intensity of jaundice. The timing of follow-up is guided by the newborn’s clinical status, age at discharge and risk of developing significant hyperbilirubinemia based on an hour-specific bilirubin level [1,2].
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