Articles

Introduction: Total hip arthroplasty is a procedure widely performed in orthopedics, as it is capable of restoring function in the hips, severely affected by orthopedic diseases, such as osteoarthritis and consequently reducing pain and restoring function. Objective: To identify the effects of physical therapy in the postoperative period of total hip arthroplasty. Method: This is an integrative review, of an exploratory and descriptive nature, carried out between January and May 2024 and guided by the recommendations of the Joanna Brigs Institute. The Pubmed, LILACS, and SciELO databases were used. The following descriptors were used for the search procedure: “Physiotherapy and hip arthroplasty”. For the operationalization of the search, the Boolean descriptor “AND” was used to cross the descriptors. Articles were included in randomized clinical trials, published in full, without restriction of language and/or year of publication, which dealt with the theme addressed and that responded to the objective of the study. On the other hand, editorial letters, any type of literature review, articles unavailable at the time of search, abstracts and/or full articles published in annals of scientific events, preprints, and articles without abstracts were excluded. Results: After searches in the databases, 108 articles were identified on the platforms, subsequently, all had their titles and abstracts read, then 58 articles were excluded for not meeting the eligibility criteria, leaving 50 articles carefully read in full, after complete reading, only 7 articles composed the final sample. Final considerations: based on the reading and analysis of the articles that were previously selected, it was observed that there is no pre-established protocol among the authors for the postoperative period of hip arthroplasty, but that physical therapy techniques associated with therapist support and an early start are responsible for improving functionality, quality of life, pain reduction and increased muscle strength.

Introduction: Inflammatory or suppurative ringworm is a rare form of dermatophyte damage to the hair scalp. The aim is to describe the epidemioclinical profile of inflammatory ringworm in children at the Koulikoro Reference Health Centre (Csref).Methodology: This was a 12-month descriptive cross-sectional study of all cases of Kerions diagnosed in children at the Koulikoro Csref.Results: Over 12 months, 25 cases were recorded among 1,200 consulting patients, representing a hospital frequency of 2%.Males were 22 and females three, with a sex ratio of 7.33. The mean age was 7 years, ranging from 2 to 13 years.Conclusion: Celse kerions appear to be common in school-age boys, and contact with domestic animals is described in the majority of cases. Further work is needed to describe the fungi responsible and the risk factors.

The radioactive isomer was initially used to characterize persistent excited atomic states, much like molecular isomers, more than a century ago. Otto Hahn made the first atomic isomer discovery in 1921.  Subsequently, it was gradually discovered that there are several kinds of nuclear isomers, such as spin isomer, K isomer, seniority isomer, and “shape and fission” isomer.  Isomers are essential to the nucleosynthesis of astrophysical materials. High-accuracy nuclear reaction rate inputs are anticipated while carrying out a celestial nucleosynthesis net computation, even though a single reaction rate can have a significant impact on the whole astronomical evolutionary network. The isotopes are often considered to be in their initial state or to have levels populated in accordance with the thermal-equilibrium distribution of chances when computing nuclear synthesis rates. After all, certain isomers may have lives that reach millions of years or perhaps beyond the age of the cosmos. Thus, in an astrophysics event, such isomers might not be thermally equilibrium. Some atomic isomers—that is, astrometry—should be considered special isotopes since they are crucial to nucleosynthesis. Nuclear batteries can also be produced using nuclear isomers. Similar to the weak force, in certain specific cases such as isomer decays, the electromagnetic force could be crucial for nuclear changes. It is important to note that radioactive isomer states and radioactive ground states are not the same thing.  Durable nuclear states of excitement provide insight into the nuclear framework and potential uses. Atomic and molecular changes become interconnected when the connection to the electrons in atoms is made possible by the existence of em decay routes from isomers. Notably renowned chemical decay process is inner conversion. Its inverted, nuclear excitement by free capture of electrons has been observed; however, it is debatable and needs more investigation. This study describes the connection connecting radioactive and molecular changes and discusses instances of manipulating nuclear moves related to isomers using external electromagnetic fields.

This study presents a novel approach to calculating the average change in kinetic energy of galaxies exhibiting non-relativistic motion. The methodology integrates the dynamics of total observed motion, which encompasses both peculiar and recessive motion, with the gravitational influence of neighboring galaxies. The peculiar motion is quantified through peculiar redshift, while recessive motion is described by Hubble’s Law. The total observed velocity is the sum of these two components. The research derives an expression for the average acceleration of a galaxy based on the change in its total observed redshift wavelength over time. Utilizing Newton’s Second Law of Motion, the average observed force and subsequent work done by this force is calculated. The work done by conservative forces, primarily gravitational forces exerted by neighboring galaxies, is also considered to determine the total work done on the galaxy. Results indicate that the average total observed force causing the motion of a galaxy is a non-conservative force, resulting from the combined effects of non-conservative forces responsible for peculiar and recessive motion. The change in potential energy due to gravitational interactions with neighboring galaxies is accounted for, leading to the formulation of the average change in kinetic energy. The conclusion of the paper provides a comprehensive expression for the average change in kinetic energy of a galaxy, factoring in the mass of the galaxy, the speed of light, the total observed redshift, the change in distance with respect to Earth, and the gravitational constant. This expression is significant for understanding the dynamics of galactic motion and the forces at play in a non-relativistic context.

The Gaussian computational chemistry software package was employed to investigate the molecular structure and energetics of benzothiazole, a compound known for its anti-tumor properties. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were conducted using the Becke, 3-parameter, Lee-Yang-Parr (B3LYP) method, coupled with the LanL2DZ basis set. Molecular structure optimization was carried out to determine the most stable configurations of the benzothiazole compound. Furthermore, thorough analyses of molecular orbital energies, molecular properties, and molecular electrostatic potential surface maps were performed on the optimized molecular system. Our current research suggests that the compound 2-(4-aminophenyl) benzothiazole, containing benzothiazole, maybe a potential drug candidate for free radical species on cells due to its anti-cancer properties.

Sawdust is a by-product or waste product of woodworking such as cutting, sanding, machining, planning, and routing. Saw dust consists of small woodcutting intending to study the structural morphology of organic waste fiber derived in an X-band frequency and synthesis of the rice dust and sawdust. The solid-state method was employed to mix the husk, to obtain the fine power, and the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscope was used to determine the sample absorption rate. The FTIR results show that the best samples are 6.5 g and 6.5 g rice bark and sawdust, with an absorbance rate of 86% and 14% transmission, which will be used for the manufacture of electronic and communication devices.

Introduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have significantly improved cancer treatment outcomes, but cardiovascular complications such as ICI-associated myocarditis are a major concern. Diagnosing myocarditis requires integrating biomarkers, electrocardiogram (EKG), cardiac imaging, and endomyocardial biopsy. We present a case illustrating these diagnostic challenges, involving a female patient treated with pembrolizumab who developed fatal acute myocarditis mimicking infiltrative cardiomyopathy.Case report: A 54-year-old woman with mucosal melanoma, treated with pembrolizumab, was hospitalized in May 2023 due to dyspnea and elevated troponin levels. Initial cardiac workups were normal, but subsequent tests revealed borderline cardiac magnetic resonance imaging findings. In late May 2023, the patient was admitted with worsening dyspnea, elevated NT-pro-BNP, and severe hyperlactatemia. Imaging and endomyocardial biopsy confirmed acute myocarditis with atypical presentation, mimicking infiltrative cardiomyopathy. Despite aggressive immunosuppressive therapy, the patient’s condition deteriorated, resulting in cardiogenic shock and death seven days post-admission.Conclusion: This case underscores the diagnostic and management challenges of ICI-associated myocarditis, particularly with atypical presentations. It highlights the need for vigilant, comprehensive monitoring and further research to improve diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for managing these severe side effects in patients undergoing ICI therapy.

Pollinators are very critical when it comes to the reproductive success of plants. They promote outbreeding which holds immense significance in the era of global climate change. It allows the plants to become fertilized, to produce seeds, fruits, and eventually new plants. They are instrumental in the sustainability of our ecosystem. Thus, there is an essential need to study these pollinators to understand how, during the course of evolution, they have co-evolved with the flowering plants to shape floral architecture and community dynamics thriving in the vicinity. In this mini-view, we shall focus our discussion on some of the animal pollinators, the dwindling diversity of animal pollinators, and various associated pollination syndromes.

The present study investigated the effects of colchicine treatment on leaf length, leaf width, and leaf area index (LAI) in two species of Acha (fonio), namely Digitaria exilis and Digitaria iburua. Colchicine, a potent mitotic inhibitor, has been widely used to induce polyploidy and in studying the effects of genome duplication on various morphological traits. This study aimed to explore if colchicine treatment could alter the leaf morphology of the two Acha species. Seeds of the two species were treated with colchicine solution at various concentrations (0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20 g/dL), while a control group was maintained without any treatment. Leaf length and width were measured using a meter rule, and LAI was calculated by multiplying the leaf length and leaf width with the constant for both species. Statistical analysis was performed using the Analysis of Variance on SPSS to determine significant differences between treated and control groups. The results showed that colchicine treatment had a significant effect on leaf morphology in both Acha species. Leaf length and width increased significantly in response to colchicine treatment, with the degree of increase depending on the concentration. Moreover, the LAI also exhibited a significant increase in treated plants compared to the control group. Colchicine concentration level of 0.10 g/dLproduced the best results that can be exploited to enhance the morphological characteristics of both Acha species. The findings suggest that colchicine-induced polyploidy can enhance leaf growth and overall leaf area in Acha plants, leading to potential implications for agricultural productivity and yield improvement. Further studies are needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and long-term effects of colchicine-induced polyploidy on other growth parameters, reproductive traits, and yield in Acha. Understanding the genetic and physiological changes associated with polyploidy in Acha species will contribute to the development of improved breeding strategies and cultivation practices for this important cereal crop.

Fine Dust (FD) in the respiratory air generates a variety of human disease issues throughout the earth. This study aimed to investigate whether (1) Tussilago farfara extracts (TF) decrease neutrophils accumulation, typical pathological features, and goblet cell hyperplasia in mice following exposure to fine dust (FD); (2) inflammatory cytokines result from FD exposure; and (3) asymmetric dimethyl-arginine (ADMA) and symmetric dimethyl-arginine (SDMA) levels in the mice following exposure to FD. Seven-week-old male Balb/c mice (n = 5/group) were instilled two times by intra-nasal-trachea (INT) injection for 3 days and 6 days to the mice four groups; normal, control, FD + dexamethasone (Dexa, positive control), and FD + TF groups. TF suspended in 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was administered orally to the mice daily for 10 days (100 mg/kg). Neutrophil accumulation, typical pathological features, goblet cell hyperplasia, ADMA, and SDMA levels were assessed on day 10 in FD-induced mice. Results indicated FD significantly reduced neutrophil accumulation in BALF, typical pathological features containing goblet cell hyperplasia in lung tissues, and inflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-17 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) and C-X-C motif chemokine 1 (CXCL-1)]. Furthermore, TF significantly decreased levels of elevated ADMA and SDMA by FD exposure. Collectively, TF decreased the counts of neutrophils in BALF, histological changes in lung tissues due to downstream secretion of inflammatory cytokines, and levels of ADMA and SDMA. Therefore, TF may be a potential therapeutics for treating FD-associated diseases.