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This article examines the relationship between Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), neurovascular dynamics, and sensory sensitivities in autistic women during menstruation. The redirection of blood flow to the uterus during the menstrual cycle has been found to exacerbate cerebral perfusion deficits in neurodivergent individuals, particularly in the Prefrontal Cortex (PFC), which contributes to the mood dysregulation and emotional instability characteristic of PMDD. Autistic women, who often exhibit heightened sensory sensitivities, experience intensified discomfort during menstruation, as sensory overload and altered pain perception compound the emotional challenges of PMDD. These findings emphasize the need for neurodivergent-friendly menstrual products that mitigate both physical and emotional discomfort. Additionally, innovations using biodegradable materials, smart fabrics, and custom-fit menstrual solutions are discussed as potential breakthroughs to improve the quality of life for autistic women managing PMDD. This research highlights the importance of addressing both neurobiological and sensory aspects when designing interventions for PMDD in neurodivergent populations.

According to a 2022 systematic review on the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in general hospitals, it was estimated that approximately one-third of medical inpatients present with a coinciding psychiatric condition. However, other studies have reported that a low rate of patients actually obtain an inpatient psychiatric consult; and even fewer patients receive a consultation when it would not be traditionally indicated. Therefore, we have seen an emergence of the use of Proactive Consultation-Liaison (C-L) Psychiatry across many hospital settings. This model of care utilizes systematic screening for active mental health concerns, proactive interventions tailored to individual patients, team-based delivery, and care integration with primary services to provide psychiatric consultation earlier. This study conducted a focused PubMed search to review the research to date on proactive C-L psychiatry and its impact on hospital length of stay (LOS) in patients over 18 years old. Results show a consequential reduction in average hospital LOS when proactive C-L psychiatry services are used compared to reactive, on-request consultation services. A shortened LOS is seen with this practice when there is a quicker time for consultation or referral. Thus, there is evidence of proactive C-L psychiatry’s success in decreasing average hospital LOS and improving patient care. Additional studies are necessary to determine its significance, as little research to date has been completed on the topic. It is recommended to expand the scope of investigation to different patient populations, including but not limited to pediatrics and patients without an underlying mental health illness.

Vaginal bleeding during pregnancy can often be frightening for women. However, such bleeding does not always indicate a serious problem. This type of bleeding occurs routinely, especially in the first 12 weeks of pregnancy. A significant proportion of women who experience bleeding during pregnancy go on to give birth to healthy babies. Despite this, women who frequently experience bleeding problems at different stages of pregnancy may need to take this situation seriously. A critical approach is important both from the gynecologist and from the pregnant woman.

The torsional deformation behavior of an elastic bar with a circular cross-section was investigated by applying invariant dyadic analysis, where the small finite displacement functions advocated by Saint-Venant (1855) were fully employed. It was found that the previously overlooked circumferential shear force field generated by pure torsion on the side walls of a bar produces an unusual torque term induced by the skew-symmetric part of the deformation tensor and exhibits quadratic length dependence along the z-axis of the bar. The adaptation of this torque term for a helical conformation of α-peptides creates moments acting on the circular cross-sections and is directed along the surface normal of circular cross-sections, which coincides with the tangent vector of the helix. The projection of this torque along the z-axis of the helix varies quadratically with the azimuthal angle. The radial component of the unusual torque, which also lies along the principal normal vector of the helix, starts to perform a precession motion by tracking a spiral orbit around the z-axis, whereas its apex angle decreases asymptotically with the azimuthal angle and finally reaches a finite value depending on the height of the helix along the z-axis. The ordinary torque terms, which are also deduced from the self- and anti-self-conjugate parts of the deformation tensor, have magnitudes half that of the full torque term reported in the literature. The present results were applied to the helical conformation of α-peptides designated by {3.611} to show that the mechanical stability of strained open-ended helical conformations can be successfully achieved by spontaneous readjustments of the surface and bulk Helmholtz free energies under isothermal isochoric conditions. It has been demonstrated that the main contribution to the mechanical stability of α-peptide 3.611 cannot come alone from the electrostatic dipole-dipole interaction potential of the anti-align excess dipole pairs but also from the surface Helmholtz free energy, which is characterized by a binding free energy of -15.5 eV/molecule (-32.56 Kcal/mole) for an alpha-peptide composed of 11 amino acid residues with a critical arc length of approximately 10 nm, assuming that the shear modulus is G = 1GPa and the surface Helmholtz specific free energy density is fs = 800 erg/cm2. This result was in excellent agreement with the experimental observations of the AH-1 conformation of (Glu)n Cys at pH 8. The present theory indicates that only two excess permanent anti-align dipole pairs for one α-Helical peptide molecule is requirement to stabilize the whole secondary structure of the protein that is exposed to heavy torsional deformation during the folding processes which amounts to 7.75 eV/molecule stored electrostatic energy compared to the interfacial Helmholtz free energy of -23.25 eV/molecule, which is exposed to hydrophobic environments.

A recurrent miscarriage may be defined in the African context as the foetal demise of two or more successive pregnancies before the attainment of the age of viability. A literature review was done to assess the trend of recurrent miscarriage in sub-Saharan Africa. Identifying the main causes, considering the population at risk, and the availability of accurate diagnostic utilities to effectively ensure good management of recurrent miscarriage is an important gynaecologic issue. Over the years, studies have identified several etiologies and yet there’s been no tangible implementation of therapeutic strategies. Routine modifications should also be employed to develop new approaches to reproductive prognosis. There is notably scanty information on the cases of spontaneous abortion due to chromosomal abnormalities. Genetic and immunological factors should be considered in the work-up plan for women with RM. About 70% of the cases of RM are considered unexplained, and this may be due to limited resources. We concluded that there is relatively poor management of miscarriage and cases of missed and inaccurate diagnosis of the causes of spontaneous abortion in sub-Saharan Africa. More studies are needed in order to assess the extent of genetic induced miscarriage, where resources are limited, folic acid supplements should be provided for pregnant women.

The aim of this work is to verify the pharmaceutical form in the galenic field of oral Budesonide compounded used in Crohn’s disease: capsules delay release or oral suspension. In particular ways the kinds of excipients or bases-vehicle used in the galenic pharmacy practice. The therapeutic need for Crohn’s disease requires a release of the API in delayed-release DR. The Budesonide molecule shows low systemic impacts due to its hepatic metabolism vs. a topical effect useful in this pathology. In this work, the oral pharmaceutical forms are analyzed: modified-release capsules and oral suspension with specific advantages for each one. Some formulations provided by various pharmacies are reported in this work as well as new technology like the 3D-PRINTING systems for colonic targeting tablets.

Background: The frequency of latex allergy is increasing, posing a major health problem. This increase is related to the widespread use of latex materials and cross-reactions between latex proteins and certain foods. This cross-reactivity makes latex avoidance difficult, and latex sensitization is likely to worsen atopic conditions. Objective: The authors evaluated the role of latex sensitization in the poor control of asthma and rhinitis. Methodology: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 1860 patients of all ages and genders, followed up for allergic asthma and rhinitis since March 2012 in the Immuno-Allergology Unit of the Cocody University Hospital in Abidjan. Prick tests with native extracts and the European standard battery were performed to identify allergenic sensitization. The impact of latex sensitization on asthma and rhinitis control was assessed by calculating odds ratios. Results: A high frequency of latex sensitization was associated with asthma and rhinitis. The risks of poor control were related to monosensitization to latex and were even higher in the context of polysensitization. Conclusion: The impact of latex sensitization on the progression of asthma and rhinitis has been well demonstrated. It is recommended to integrate the latex sensitization status into the therapeutic management strategy of these two pathologies.

Previable Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes (PPROM) before 24 weeks of gestation in dichorionic diamniotic (DCDA) twin pregnancies is a rare and challenging obstetric complication. Three cases are presented in this case series, all involving prolonged latency periods of 74, 98, and 158 days following membrane rupture. The management strategy employed was expectant, utilizing antibiotic prophylaxis and close monitoring to prevent infection. Neonatal outcomes varied, with pulmonary hypoplasia and respiratory distress observed in some cases. One twin from Case 2 died due to sepsis, while the remaining twins in all three instances survived after extended neonatal intensive care. This series highlights the potential for extended latency and favorable outcomes in select cases, though neonatal morbidity remains a significant risk, underscoring the need for individualized counseling and vigilant care.

Pneumomediastinum (mediastinal emphysema) is an uncommon condition characterized by the accumulation of air or gas in the mediastinum. Here is a case of a 16-year-old female known to have depression who presented to the emergency department with complaints of shortness of breath, restlessness, chest discomfort, and hoarseness of voice for 2 days. She was initially diagnosed with panic attack, and later on clinical examination, surgical emphysema over the right supraclavicular area was noticed. Chest X-ray was found to be normal, and further imaging with high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the thorax showed pneumomediastinum. In this report, the clinical presentations, radiological features, and management of pneumomediastinum will be discussed.

To expand the spectrum of used radiopharmaceuticals, it is proposed to obtain a positron-emitting isotope of technetium 94mTc. The intention of this work is to research the possibility of producing various technetium isotopes on a medical cyclotron. For this purpose, we carried out a series of irradiations of an aqueous solution of molybdenum of natural isotopic composition with protons of 11 MeV energy. After technetium isolation, results were analyzed on a γ-spectrometer. 511 keV gamma-ray line was obtained.

Modern Agricultural production wants to efficiently produce plant products and benefits to meet people's needs. However, because of better plant species and varieties, overuse of fertilizer and overdose of pesticide alters the plant resources relationship, resulting in soil degradation, vegetation decline, and crop failure or waste of resources, which influence the quality of fruit and benefit and are unfavorable for the sustainable utilization of nature resources and crops high-quality development. After a couple of years of study, the results showed that Agricultural development went into agricultural high-quality development in 2017, which is to use effective measures or methods to maximize yield and benefits and meet the need of people's need for better Agricultural produce and a better life. The theory foundation of the sustainable utilization of natural resources and Agriculture high-quality production is the resources use limit by plants, vegetation carrying capacity, and critical period of plant resources relationship regulation. The methods of Agriculture high-quality development are to select excellent plant species or varieties based on site conditions and market needs before planting crop young plants and sowing seeds, adopt appropriate initial planting density when planting crop young plants and sowing seeds, and regulate the relationship between plant growth and resources need in the process of crop production in a timely and appropriate amount, especially the chemical fertilizer and pesticide to obtain the maximum yield and benefits and realize the sustainable utilization of natural resources and achieve agricultural high-quality development.

For the first time, the interaction between Hydrogen atom and Free-Electron Lasers (FEL) is simulated. The conversion efficiency of High-order Harmonic Generation (HHG) can be enhanced by utilizing a two-color free electron laser with frequency multiplication. It is found that the conversion efficiency of HHG is improved to the largest extent when fourth-fold frequency multiplication is introduced into two-color FEL. The microscopic mechanism of improving the efficiency of HHG is analyzed and discussed.

This study explores the application of a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) approach based on q-rung orthopair fuzzy numbers to identify the origin of mechanical parts found at vehicle accident scenes. The primary objective is to determine the most likely vehicle to which these parts belong by evaluating key criteria such as compatibility, damage level, serial number matching, and color compatibility. Q-rung orthopair fuzzy numbers offer an advanced method to handle the inherent uncertainty and vagueness associated with forensic evaluations, particularly in scenarios where data is incomplete or imprecise. The proposed methodology involves defining the criteria, assigning membership and non-membership degrees using q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets, and applying an aggregation process to effectively rank alternatives. This approach facilitates flexible decision-making by accommodating different levels of confidence and uncertainty, making it particularly suitable for forensic applications where evidence is often ambiguous. The findings demonstrate that integrating q-rung orthopair fuzzy numbers into the MCDM framework significantly enhances the accuracy and reliability of identifying vehicle components involved in accidents. The proposed methodology provides a systematic tool to support forensic investigations, aiding in the determination of liability and contributing to more robust outcomes in mechanical evidence analysis.

In many sectors, ranging from sports and military operations to professional settings (notably cognitive enhancement); human performance augmentation has been an enduring ambition. The idea behind this movement, known as human enhancement, has evolved over time from simple means of training to the improvement or augmentation of physical ability through recent developments in fields such as pharmaceuticals and implantable devices that can enhance natural abilities. They span from pharmaceutical agents to wearable technologies used for sophisticated self-experimentation, which offer promise but also present ethical, health, and societal risks Performance-Enhancing Drugs are used to enhance the performance of humans in one way or another as a basic idea. The categories of Performance Enhancing Drugs (PEDs) included are Stimulants: Stimulant drugs, including amphetamines and caffeine (in the form of coffee) have been used for thousands of endeavours and physical stamina for decades. There have been many sources of controversy in the sporting world due to use or misuse and side-effectual restrictions. The release of neurotransmitters such as dopamine and allowing muscles to grow big, and fast. Nevertheless, the consumption of anabolic steroids is strictly controlled because it has side effects and complications such as liver damage, hormonal imbalances, and greater aggression. Erythropoietin EPO is a hormone that produces red blood cells, and increased oxygen delivery to muscle. EPO Athletes and even more notably endurance athletes (such as cyclists) have a storied history of abusing this performance-enhancing agent to build stamina. However, the misuse of this drug can be very hazardous, as it causes complications such as blood clotting and heart issues.

Congenital Dyserythropoietic Anaemia (CDA) is a rare genetic disorder that affects the maturation of red blood cells. The disorder is classified into different types, with a prevalence ranging from 1 in 100,000 to 1 in 1,000,000 individuals. Treatment strategies are designed with the primary focus on symptom management, the prevention and treatment of complications, and the underlying disease pathophysiology. The advent of bone marrow transplantation, gene therapy, and targeted therapies has considerably expanded the scope for therapeutic intervention in CDAs. Supportive care, including blood transfusions and iron chelation therapy, has demonstrated efficacy in managing iron overload and improving overall survival rates. The potential of gene therapy, targeted therapies, and hematopoietic growth factors in the treatment of CDA is currently being investigated. Further research and clinical trials are required to develop more effective and personalized therapeutic interventions.

The article presents data from recent publications and own data on screening studies with interpretation of chest radiographs using artificial intelligence CAD (Computer-Assisted Diagnosis), which, according to WHO recommendations, provides more accurate clinical thresholds for deciding who needs to take a sputum test. Another aspect of the WHO recommendations is the cost-effectiveness of CAD as a tool for triaging patients with tuberculosis symptoms in low-income countries with a high incidence of tuberculosis. Compared with smear microscopy and GeneXpert, without preliminary sorting, the use of mobile digital X-ray machines equipped with a CAD tool reduces costs, allowing sorting of individuals suspected of having tuberculosis for testing on GeneXpert, while reducing the time to start tuberculosis treatment.Thus, conducting a study using portable X-ray machines using a CAD program is a low-cost and easy-to-implement method, does not require large funds, does not require separate rooms, is highly effective, has good image quality, allows you to quickly clarify individuals suspected of having tuberculosis, differentiating it from other pathological changes in the lungs.Our experience shows that machine analysis of chest computed tomography data, due to the higher resolution capabilities of the method and the absence of fundamental disadvantages of radiography, including the effect of shadow summation, the presence of “blind” zones, etc., is finding increasing application in both diagnostics and screening of respiratory diseases. Our use of this tool allowed us to identify additional new cases of phthisio-onco-pulmonary diseases in field conditions.

The present study aimed to analyze Cholinesterase (CE) levels in cord blood from preeclamptic women and to evaluate cholinesterase status in patients with osteosarcoma. Serum cholinesterase levels were assessed in 30 cases of osteosarcoma and 30 controls suffering from musculoskeletal pain. Additionally, maternal and cord blood samples were collected from 25 women with preeclampsia and compared with those from 25 normotensive pregnant women and 25 normal, healthy controls. The results indicated that serum cholinesterase levels were significantly lower in osteosarcoma patients (Group I) compared to those with musculoskeletal pain (Group II, p < 0.05). Similarly, cholinesterase levels were reduced in the maternal blood of women with preeclampsia when compared to normotensive controls. Cord blood cholinesterase levels were lower in the infants of normotensive mothers, with levels reaching 88.65% of the maternal levels. Furthermore, cord blood cholinesterase levels were significantly lower in preeclamptic women compared to normotensive pregnant women. When comparing cholinesterase levels to those of normal controls, it was observed that CE levels were significantly elevated in both normotensive and preeclamptic women. The findings of low serum cholinesterase levels in this study suggest that cholinesterase secreted by osteoblasts is utilized in bone formation and tumorigenesis. Additionally, the decrease in cholinesterase levels associated with preeclampsia may be linked to the loss of muscarinic cholinergic receptors that occur in this condition.

Introduction: Busulfan (Bu)-based regimens are crucial for myeloablative conditioning in pediatric allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Despite its efficacy, Intravenous Bu has a narrow therapeutic index and variable pharmacodynamics especially in children, heightening the risk of adverse events. This study explores Bu dosing and related organ toxicities in pediatric patients at a tertiary center in Saudi Arabia.Methodology: This retrospective study at King Fahad Specialist Hospital in Dammam (KFSH-D), Saudi Arabia, included pediatric patients (≤16 years) treated with intravenous Bu before bone marrow transplantation from 2010 to 2022. Pharmacokinetic dose adjustments were based on AUC targets of 900-1350 µMol-min. Descriptive measures included mean, Standard Deviation (SD), median, minimum-maximum values, counts, and percentages. Statistical analyses used Kruskal-Wallis, Chi-square, and Fisher’s exact tests. Ethical approval was obtained from KFSH-D.Results: We identified 44 pediatric patients who underwent Bu prior to HSCT. Mean age was 4.95 ± 2.49 years, with a female majority (56.8%). Primary diseases included Beta Thalassemia (34.09%), Neuroblastoma (29.55%) among others. There was no significant difference in the cohort’s demographic and clinical features of the cohort. Nonetheless, higher infections were found in the Low-AUC group (66.7%) compared to the Target-AUC (40.0%) and Higher-AUC groups (0.0%) (p = 0.015).Conclusion: This study emphasizes the need for therapeutic drug monitoring and individualized Bu dosing in pediatric HSCT to minimize toxicity and improve outcomes. Larger multicenter studies are recommended to refine dosing strategies and enhance the safety and efficacy of Bu-based regimens.

There is increasing evidence of the difficulty in understanding the “biological functioning” of some complex microbial communities. Complex microbial communities exist everywhere in nature, and the interactions among their constituent microorganisms are a crucial aspect that influences their development. The ability of microorganisms to colonize an environment includes their ability to interact with other species in the same ecosystem, as well as their ability to adapt and integrate into the evolving community. The interactions among microorganisms and not just their numbers, or the presence of different species, biotypes, and variants, in many cases, seems to become a decisive factor in understanding and analyzing the development of microbial ecosystems and the biological function of the individual microbial entities that are part of them.After working to isolate individual microbial cells and study the mechanisms of their functioning and development, it is time to embark on a backward journey “from the small to the complex” for a better understanding of complex microbial ecosystems and their application potential. The purpose of this brief contribution is to further the development of the understanding of the role of microbial communities in nature and the mode of their development and evolution.

Aim and objective: The current study aims to explore the effectiveness of food dyes as potential agents for the formation of latent fingerprints on non-porous substrates. Introduction: The development of fingerprints is a long-established forensic technique crucial for identifying perpetrators. Traditional methods often use various powders to reveal latent fingerprints on different surfaces, but these methods can be costly and pose health risks when exposed to humans. Consequently, there is an increasing demand for alternative techniques that are cost-effective while still providing high-resolution fingerprint visibility. Materials and methods: In this study, Colormist Super whip food powder red, blue, orange, turquoise, and pink was used for the Development of Latent fingerprints on different non-porous surfaces (CD, Mobile screen, Glass bottle, Mirror, Steel bottle). Results: The ColorMist Super Whip edible powders proved successful in developing high-quality finger marks with visible level 1 and level 2 fingerprint details across all substrates, showcasing its effectiveness in latent fingerprint enhancement. Conclusion: Food dyes provide a simple, cost-effective, and eco-friendly method for developing latent fingerprints on nonporous surfaces. Red and black dyes consistently deliver clear ridge detail, while turquoise performs well on glass. Surface type plays a crucial role in dye effectiveness; making food dyes a practical, non-invasive alternative for on-site forensic use.