Sofiene Gabsi, Atallah Aziz, Mohamed Hajri, Zied Hadrich*, Sahir Omrani, Rached Bayar and Hafedh Mestiri
Published on: 24th January, 2023
Lymphomas are common hematological malignancies with an increasing incidence in recent years. The main site of extranodal non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is the gastrointestinal tract, representing 40% of cases. The most common site of gastrointestinal lymphoma is the stomach, followed by the small intestine, accounting for 25% - 50% and 20% - 30%, respectively [1,2]. Primary colorectal lymphoma is a rare disease, accounting for 0.2% to 1% of all colorectal malignancies [1]. Males are more commonly affected with a peak incidence in the sixth and seventh decades of life [3]. Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is the most commonly described subtype of colonic lymphoma [1].
Mariana Catalina Garcini Sandoval*, Enrique Espinosa Zúñiga and Martha Guadalupe García Toribio
Published on: 24th August, 2023
Sturge-Weber Syndrome (SWS) is a congenital, vascular, neurocutaneous, uncommon disease associated with facial angiomas port wine birthmark (PWB) or “nevus flammeus”, cerebral vascularity alterations (leptomeningeal vascular malformation), and ocular disorders. It is the third most common neurocutaneous syndrome after neurofibromatosis and tuberous sclerosis. GNAQ R183Q is the most frequent related mutation, caused by a postzygotic, somatic, gain-of-function. 75% of patients present seizures during the first year of life, mainly focal motor seizures, with or without consciousness impairment.We present the case of a 33-year-old female with a diagnosis of SWS, with refractory seizures that started at 4 months of age. In this admission, she presented upper and lower respiratory tract infections that culminated in a convulsive status epilepticus (CSE), the reason for which she required sedation and advanced airway management with adjustment of the anti-seizure medication (ASM). An electroencephalogram (EEG) was performed that reported epileptic activity, as well as an imaging study with data suggestive of calcification in the frontal and right parietal region, compatible with vascular malformation.
Objective: To determine the association between serum magnesium level and asthma, by establishing the difference in serum magnesium level between children with asthma and controls.
Method: Serum magnesium levels of 44 children with acute asthma and 44 controls of the age group of 6-16 years was determined and statistically compared. Lung function tests (FEV1%) were done and correlated with serum magnesium levels using Pearson’s comparison coefficient.
Results: The mean serum magnesium value of cases (1.9136±0.44) is lower than the controls (2.0042±0.26), with 32 cases showing a deficiency of serum magnesium. Pearson’s correlation coefficient, reveals positive correlation between FEV1% with serum magnesium levels, r=0.819, P<0.001.
Conclusions: This study reveals that the serum magnesium levels, even if in normal range, are statistically lower amongst asthmatics. It also brings out the relationship between magnesium levels and lung function tests, showing an improvement in the latter with increase in the former.
Biliary cystadenoma is a rare cystic tumor of the liver. It has a high recurrence rate and malignant transformation risk in middle-aged women. Pre-operative diagnosis is difficult because of the lack of clinical, biological and radiological specificity. The confirmation of the diagnosis is made by the histopathological examination. Complete surgical resection is preferred because of the high risk of malignant transformation and recurrence.
Familial dysautonomia is a rare autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disease affecting cells of the autonomic nervous system. Patients with this disease are insensitive to pain but their autonomic nervous system is still activated with noxious stimuli. This report details a case of a patient with familial dysautonomia who underwent right ankle open reduction and internal fixation for a bimalleolar right ankle fracture. The patients preoperative and intraoperative course were uneventful but shortly after handoff to the intensive care unit, the patient experienced an autonomic crisis. Management of these patients is complex, requiring maintenance of physiologic homeostasis as well as preventing hemodynamic instability caused by noxious stimuli. Any deviations from baseline may cause an autonomic crisis, as happened in our patient. Herein, we detail the perioperative management of a patient with familial dysautonomia in further detail.
This is demonstration of selected ECGs for learning or for exams; guided by lessons from great teachers as Prof. Hein Wellens MD. Here we provide advanced examples with comment and analysis.
Maarten J Beinema*, Jacobus RBJ Brouwers, Henk Adriaansen and Frank GA Jansman
Published on: 16th February, 2023
Introduction: In an earlier study, we described and validated a VKA dose-finding algorithm (B2A), based on a novel bidirectional factor (BF). We designed a prospective study to evaluate the B2A in a daily care setting. Methods: In this open-label prospective study, we compared the outcomes of the B2A over the year 2020 with the outcomes of the previous year (2019), using regular algorithms. The outcomes were the duration of Time in the Therapeutic Range (TTR), the percentage of automated dose proposals (PAuP) and the percentage of accepted dose proposals (PAcP). The data were obtained from three anticoagulation centers in the Netherlands, in four locations. The outcomes of this study were based on a non-inferiority level.Results: The TTR over the year 2020 was at least non-inferior compared with the standard of care treatment. The percentage of automated proposals increased in all centers to approximately 96% of all dosages. Conclusion: The B2A performs non-inferior compared with the existing algorithms and in some aspects even better.
Indonesia is the fourth largest country in the world by population and has made considerable progress since the 1960s in terms of economic growth and structural transformation. But in recent years it has become apparent that the health of the nation is far from satisfactory. The purpose of this article is to review recent literature on health problems in Indonesia and to outline the policy challenges which face the government. Since 2001, the provision of primary health care has been decentralized to sub-provincial levels of government but they lack often lack the resources, and trained staff to provide adequate services to rural populations in particular. The literature suggests that while most health indicators have shown some improvement in recent years, there are still large variations by region and social class. The country is still far from achieving the goal of universal health coverage.
Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) are electronic devices that can prevent sudden cardiac death (SCD) caused by arrhythmic events in patients.
The latest ESC/EAS and ACC/AHA Guidelines deem the placement of an ICDs appropriate in patients with heart failure class NYHA II and III in the presence of an ejection fraction less than or equal to 35% [1,2]. ICDs are usually not indicated in either class I or IV patients. The Guidelines recommendations for primary prevention of SCD with ICD implantation do not take into account the age of the patients but only their life expectancy which must be at least 1 year.
Our patients usually are over eighty years old with heart failure and severely reduced ejection fraction. We must consequently decide if it is right to implant these patients with an ICD. Is the use of ICD in the patients over 80, in particular over 90 years old, really make sense becomes particularly important considering demographic changes that await us in the coming decades.
Uterine leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is uncommon tumour arising from the female reproductive tract. Incidence of LMS in pregnancy is extremely rare, with only 10 cases reported thus far in medical literature.We present a case of myomectomy performed during elective caesarean section for breech presentation, due to its easy accessibility and well contracted uterus. Subsequent histology revealed LMS on final specimen. Patient subsequently underwent total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. No chemotherapy was given as she opted for close clinical- radiological monitoring instead. This case report highlights the importance of discussion with patients regarding the risk of occult malignancy in a fibroid uterus. Appropriate management of uterine leiomyosarcoma in pregnancy remains unclear. Consideration of removing an enlarging leiomyoma during caesarean section might be ideal in view of its malignant potential, just like in this case; however, location of the tumour and risk of bleeding needs to be weighed. Ultimately, management of such cases needs proper discussion between obstetrician and the patient.
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