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Elderly (> 70 years) Multiple Myeloma Patients Benefit Equally from Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation When Compared to Younger Patients

Published on: 8th August, 2024

Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (AHSCT) performed after induction therapy is the standard of care for newly diagnosed Multiple Myeloma (MM) patients who qualify. Our institution has performed AHSCT for MM since 1991, and in this study, we sought to retrospectively examine the outcomes of 303 MM patients who underwent AHSCT from 1991-2021. We focused on Overall Survival (OS) and Progression-Free Survival (PFS) in patients in addition to Landmark survival (1-year post-transplantation). We found that in elderly patients > 70 years of age there was no significant difference in OS at 12 years, with 51% for patients < 70 years of age and 50% > 70; these were the same numbers for PFS at 12 years as well. We also found that median overall survival is improving overall with each decade in our transplanted MM patients with patient survival improved to over > 80% regardless of age at 7 years, when the previous median overall survival was 6 - 6.6 years before 2001. Given our findings, supported by others, we show that survival is continually improving over time in MM AHSCT patients and that AHSCT can be performed safely with equivalent landmark and long-term PFS and OS in patients of advanced age.
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Exit Site Care in Peritoneal Dialysis: Silver as a Possible Strategy?

Published on: 28th February, 2024

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a well-tolerated home renal replacement therapy for patients with end-stage renal disease. One of the critical points for the success of a PD program is the care of the peritoneal catheter and the exit site. A target for the incidence of infections/year should not exceed 0,40. The aim of the study was to observe whether our exit-site cleansing and dressing method, which involves the application of silver-releasing dressing may be associated with a reduction in the incidence of exit-site infections compared to the data reported in the literature.The data of 51 patients attending the Peritoneal Dialysis DH of the AOU Federico II in Naples in the period between July 2021 and September 2023 were analyzed.Overall, 27670 catheter days were analyzed with an average incidence of 0.23 infections/year/patient. The average incidence (0.23) is lower than the target suggested by the ISPD (0.4 infections/year/patient) and the average estimated in the USA (0.5-0.6 infections/year/patient). The average incidence from 2021 to 2023, equal to 0.23 episodes/year/patient, is therefore lower than the incidence of 2014-2015 (0.38 episodes/year/patient), a two-year period in which we did not use dressings with silver Exit-Pad.The use of Exit-Pad silver ion-releasing dressings Ag may further hinder the development of such infections by reducing the failure of peritoneal treatment and the transition to hemodialysis.
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Recent Development of Nanofibers in Medical/Pharmaceutical Sectors

Published on: 27th May, 2025

This article provides a comprehensive overview of the properties, applications, and fabrication techniques of nanofibers, which are characterized by their ultrafine diameters and unique features such as high surface area and aspect ratio. These attributes render nanofibers particularly advantageous for a wide range of applications, especially in the biomedical sector, encompassing areas like tissue engineering, drug delivery, and wound dressing. The article highlights various studies that illustrate the potential of nanofibers in addressing healthcare challenges, particularly their utilization in scaffolds for regenerative medicine and as carriers for controlled drug delivery. Furthermore, it discusses different preparation methods for nanofibers, including electrospinning and alternative techniques, while stressing the importance of polymer selection in achieving optimal drug-release properties. The article also delves into the application of nanofibers in tissue engineering, specifically for bone, cartilage, and vascular applications, and examines their emerging roles in organ-on-a-chip technology and contraceptive development. In conclusion, the article emphasizes the versatility and significance of nanofibers in advancing medical technologies and their potential to address contemporary health challenges. Collaborative efforts between material scientists and biologists are essential to foster interdisciplinary research aimed at improving electrospinning methodologies.
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Solid Garbage Treatment: Issues and Challenges

Published on: 16th July, 2025

The escalating volume of solid waste due to rapid urbanization, population growth, and industrialization poses significant environmental and public health challenges. Improper disposal of solid waste, especially organic and municipal garbage, leads to pollution of soil, air, and water, causing a surge in health risks and ecosystem degradation. Traditional waste management practices are often inefficient, expensive, and time-consuming. Composting and vermicomposting have emerged as eco-friendly, cost-effective, and sustainable alternatives for organic waste management. Vermicomposting, which employs earthworms to decompose organic waste into nutrient-rich compost, has shown potential in improving soil fertility, reducing pathogenic microbes, and recycling essential nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Various organic wastes such as agricultural residues, municipal waste, animal dung, and market garbage have been effectively treated through vermicomposting using species like Eisenia fetida and Eudrilus eugeniae. This review emphasizes the technological, environmental, and agricultural benefits of vermicomposting in transforming biodegradable solid waste into valuable compost, promoting sustainable waste management practices, and enhancing agricultural productivity.
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Phytochemical content of leaf and stem of Marsilea quadrifolia (L.)

Published on: 23rd May, 2017

OCLC Number/Unique Identifier: 7286353789

The present study was aimed to screen and quantify the phytochemicals by qualitative and quantitative analysis in methanol and aqueous leaf and stem extracts of Marsilea quadrifolia(L.). In qualitative analysis, the phytochemical compounds such as tannins, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, triterpenoids, alkaloids, carbohydrates, proteins, anthroquinones, phenolic compounds and phytosterol were screened. Among these phytocompounds tannins, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, alkaloids, carbohydrates, proteins and phenolic compounds were observed in methanol and aqueous leaf and stem extracts of M. quadrifolia. Anthroquinones were absent in both leaf and stem extracts of M. quadrifolia. The content of phenolic compounds 8.34±0.92 mg/g and 7.31±0.46 mg/g, flavonoids 7.46±0.64 mg/g and 6.45±0.68 mg/g, alkaloids 6.12±0.51 mg/g and 5.89±0.61 mg/g, tannins 6.58±0.72 mg/g and 6.07±0.56 mg/g and saponins 5.32±0.48 mg/g and 6.30±0.58 mg/g were determined in leaf and stem of M. quadrifolia, respectively. So, the present study confirmed that the presence of phytocompounds in leaf and stem of M. quadrifolia.
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Drugs and Violence: High Risk Behavior

Published on: 18th August, 2025

As time goes on, more and more people are using drugs in dangerous ways. This rising percentage of people abusing drugs is leading to an increase in violent behaviors connected to them. The present article will summarize and present cases of mass violence caused by drugs, displaying the harm they may cause if not regulated properly. A literature search of JSTOR, AJPH, IJERPH, Journal of Addictive Reviews, Journal of Addiction Research and Therapy, Google Scholar, CDC, CNN, New York Times, Detroit News, and ABC News was conducted from February 16, 2023, to November 03, 2024. In 2016, 56.2 million people died worldwide. There are an estimated 10,000 people who are killed each year in the United States as a direct result of drugs. Worldwide, 70 million people were diagnosed with a drug use disorder. In the global general population, 0.3%-0.6% of people are diagnosed with this disorder. 10%-69% of people in prison are diagnosed as well. From 1995 to 2000, 41% of violent crimes committed against college students and 38% of violent crimes committed against non-students were committed by an offender thought to be on drugs. Drugs have a clear connection to mass violence, and further regulation is needed for the benefit of public health and safety. 
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Studies of Grafts in vegetables, an alternative for agricultural production under stress conditions: Physiological responses

Published on: 3rd January, 2018

OCLC Number/Unique Identifier: 7347068189

Vegetable production by grafting is a technique which it has made possible to resume agricultural soils which previously could not be produced due to stress generated by various abiotic factors, like a lack of water, stress by high or low temperatures, and or heavy metal contamination, among them. It has been documented and defined a number of graftings which they are tolerant to different factors; however, when it comes to auscultating information related to understand the molecular responses and observe what are the biochemical changes and physiological responses of grafted plants, it is dispersed. The current paper attempts to provide basic information documented on technique, addressing the molecular, biochemical and physiological responses, and thus get a clear perspective on the use of grafts, making this practice be used with most frequently by all its advantages.
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Differences in Percentages in Osseointegration and Bone Stability between Multibody and Standard Implants

Published on: 1st September, 2025

Dental implantology represents a cornerstone of modern restorative dentistry, providing long-term functional and esthetic rehabilitation of missing teeth. The process of osseointegration—first introduced by Brånemark—refers to the direct structural and functional connection between living bone and the surface of a load-bearing implant [Brånemark, 1985].
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Control of phytopathogenic microorganisms of post-harvest in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) with the use of citrus extract

Published on: 30th March, 2018

OCLC Number/Unique Identifier: 7671836913

Diseases are a major cause of post-harvest losses depending on season, region and management practices. Chemical control is the most used but with serious consequences for human health and the environment. This forces us to carry out more exhaustive studies on botanical products. The general objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of citrus extracts for the control of pathogens that cause post-harvest diseases in tomato fruit. The product to be evaluated is of botanical origin from citrus extracts. Doses were evaluated (0, 666, 1000, 2000, 4000, 8000 ppm). The treatments were located at a temperature of 25°C±2 and 45% relative humidity (rH). The design used corresponded to a completely random design. The least significant difference was estimated by Tukey Multiple Range test at P=0.05. The statistical tests were performed through the SAS computer program. The results indicate that the pathogens detected and identified correspond to Alternaria tenuissima; Botrytis cinerea; Cladosporium fulvum; Colletotrichum coccodes; Fusarium oxysporum; Geotrichum candidum; Rhizopus stolonifer and Stemphylium macrosporoideum. Our conclusion is that the efficient doses correspond to 666, 2000 and 8000 ppm. With the application of citrus extracts, the damage percentage of tomato fruit was reduced in relation to the control treatments. Based on the results with the application of citrus extracts, the shelf life of the tomato was lengthened.
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Life history strategies of the armored scale, Aulacaspis alisiana (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Diaspididae) on the Japanese silver tree Neolitsea sericea (Bl.) Koidz. (Lauraceae) in Fukuoka, Japan

Published on: 29th August, 2018

OCLC Number/Unique Identifier: 7856145140

The armored scale Aulacaspis alisiana, is a serious invasive pest of the Japanese silver tree, Neolitsea sericea, causing serious damage to the tree in Japan. However there are currently no control approaches available for it, complicated by shortage of information on the pest. We studied life history strategies of A. alisiana on N. sericea in Fukuoka Prefecture with a view to providing a basis for formulating sustainable control based on an understanding of the behavior of the pest and potential role of its natural enemies. We established that A. alisiana had three overlapped generations in Fukuoka, with generation times ranging between 65 and 71 days. The adults were relatively fecund, with each female producing between 60 and 67 eggs, with high hatchability, >78%. The pest settled on the lower side of leaves, and although it generally preferred younger leaves, it did not attack newly emerged leaves. Natural enemy groups comprising ants, spiders and beetles (coccinelids) played an important role in regulation of the pest population, with natural mortality of about 30%. They could thus form a critical component of an integrated management approach for the pest in Fukuoka.
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