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With the rapid shift to telemedicine during the COVID-19 pandemic, clinicians have faced unprecedented demands in adapting to prolonged virtual consultations. This has given rise to “Zoom fatigue,” a form of mental and emotional exhaustion associated with extended video-based interactions. While the Zoom Exhaustion and Fatigue Scale (ZEFS) has been widely applied in studies involving students and office workers, there is limited research on its relevance to clinicians. Physicians, in particular, often conduct hours of uninterrupted virtual patient care, which can potentially lead to significant neurocognitive strain. This study explores the impact of prolonged virtual consultations on clinician well-being, employing ZEFS alongside the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) to assess emotional and cognitive outcomes. Findings suggest that the increased cognitive load, reduced non-verbal communication, and digital interface stress contribute to higher levels of fatigue, anxiety, and dissatisfaction, highlighting the urgent need for systemic support and ergonomic telehealth practices.

The study analyzed the factors influencing participation of farm households’ in watermelon production in the study areas. Three local government areas out of Sokoto state were purposively selected. Questionnaire was used to collect data. Multistage of sampling techniques were used to arrive at the sample size of 181 farm households’ for the study. Likert scale is used to analyze the level of participation of farm households’, frequency and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. The findings revealed that (55.8%) of the farm households are within the ages of 25-30 years, majority (96.7%) are male It shows that majority (64.0%) of the farm households participated in watermelon production as a result of higher income generated. Multiple regression analysis result revealed significant relationships between farm household’s participation in watermelon production and their socio-economic characteristics at p < 0.05. The constraints faced by the farm households are storage technology and improved agricultural inputs. Most (63.5%) of the farm households believed that provision of subsidized agricultural inputs and market accessibility are forms of assistance that will encourages farm households to partake in watermelon production. It is recommended that government and donor agencies should encourage farm households’ by providing them with the modern agricultural inputs so as to influence them to participate fully into watermelon production irrespective of their Socio-economic differences.

Aims: The study was conducted from January to June 2023 to observe the prevalence of repeat breeding syndrome in cows, to isolate and identify the bacteria with their molecular confirmation, and antibiotic sensitivity in Bangladesh. Study design & Place and duration of study: The study was conducted under the supervision of the Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Obstetrics, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200. Some laboratory work was performed at the Microbiology Department of Pathology and Parasitology laboratory, HSTU, from January to June 2023.Methodology: A questionnaire was used to identify repeat breeding syndrome. Bacteria were isolated and identified from the cervical mucus of affected cows. For confirmation of the detected bacteria, PCR was used. The agar disc diffusion method was utilized to investigate the antibiotic sensitivity of the detected isolates against widely used antibiotics in vitro. Results: The prevalence of Repeat Breeding (RB) was 41.33%. The prevalence of E. coli was 40%, Staphylococcus aureus 40% and Klebsiella spp. 10%. Molecular detection of E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus was confirmed by using Eco 223 (F), Eco 455 (R), Sau 234(F), and Sau 1501(R) primers. The target genes were 16S and 23S rRNA, and the size of the product amplified at 232 bp and 1267 bp, respectively. According to the antibiogram profile, E. coli was resistant to ciprofloxacin, penicillin, tetracycline, amoxicillin, and erythromycin, but sensitive to ceftriaxone and gentamicin. While Staphylococcus aureus was resistant to ampicillin and erythromycin, it was sensitive to ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, and levofloxacin. It was also intermediately resistant to vancomycin and amoxicillin. Klebsiella spp. Showed resistance to ceftriaxone, penicillin, and amoxicillin, while remaining sensitive to ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, and intermediate resistance to erythromycin and gentamicin. Conclusion: This study concluded that E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Klebsiella spp. are the most common bacteria causing repeat breeding syndrome in cows.

An isolate of zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) was obtained from naturally infected squash fruits were grown in Abees region, Alexandria governorate. Disease symptoms were Showing mosaic, yellowing and blistering and absis symptoms. The identification was based on the symptoms developed on diagnostic hosts and serological reactions with antisera to cucumber mosaic cucumovirus (CMV), watermelon mosaic potyvirus 2 (WMV-2) and ZYMV. Squash fruit isolate of ZYMV was transmitted by Aphis gossypii, Aphis neri and Myzus persicae in non-persistent manner. The virus was purified by ultra-centrifugation and PEG. The purified virus had an ultraviolet absorption spectrum typical of a nucleoprotein with A260/280 and A280/260 being 1.1 and 0.91 respectively. The yield of purified virus was 1.62 mg/100g infected leaf tissues. Specific antiserum was prepared and found to have a titer of 1:409600 as determined by indirect ELISA.

Depression, trauma, and anxiety disorders continue to be predominant causes of global disability, with typical therapies proving to be only marginally successful. Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback (HRVB) offers patients a self-regulation method that improves the flexibility of the autonomic nerve system via resonance breathing. Clinical research shows that training can significantly lower symptoms of sadness and PTSD, with improvements shown after 4 to 8 weeks. HRVB is inexpensive, non-invasive, and scalable, making it a promising supplementary therapy in psychiatry. Subsequent study ought to inform its incorporation into clinical protocols.

fusarium graminearum is one of the most popular phytopathogens of cereals worldwide. F. graminearum is the major causal agent of head blight of wheat and barley. Disease-resistant cultivar development, antagonistic microorganism usage and fungicide treatment are the most common strategies in head blight management strategies. However, these methods have some important disadvantages. The use of plant-derived essential oil against F. graminearum seems to be a promising approach due to the recent researches. This review summarizes the potential use of essential oils to fight against F. graminearum.

This review gives a brief introduction to the microarray technology and its experimental design and data analysis and a discussion of recent global progress in research using microarray technology in fish biology and aquaculture. DNA microarrays have been reported to have been used for the analysis of gene expression during various physiological, developmental or cellular processes in fish. During the recent past, investigators have begun to use microarrays on fish to address ecological, evolutionary and environmental questions including the variability of gene expression in natural populations, speciation, ecotype diversity, environmental remediation and host-pathogen interactions. The study suggests that a lot of gene expression studies have been conducted on salmon and zebrafish in Europe and USA. The same may be applied on Indian Major Carps and Catfishes to augment productivity from aquaculture sector. 

Cystoid Macular Oedema (CMO) is a condition characterized by fluid accumulation in the macular region of the retina, leading to the formation of cyst-like spaces. This edema often results in visual impairment and is associated with various ocular and systemic conditions, including surgery, inflammation, or medication use. The authors present a case where Cystoid Macular Oedema (CMO) occurred after commencing topical bimatoprost in a pseudophakic patient with primary open angle glaucoma. The macular oedema was treated effectively with a combination of non-steroidal and steroidal topical drops. This case report shows a possible correlation between bimatoprost and CMO, in a patient with no recent confounding risk factors known to contribute to CMO . The recommendation from this report is that all patients treated with topical bimatoprost drops should have a baseline macula OCT examination and a repeated OCT examination 8 weeks after initiation of treatment, to facilitate early detection of CMO.

This editorial explores the crucial yet often overlooked role of sleep in enhancing student-athlete performance and well-being. It highlights sleep’s impact on physical recovery, cognitive function, and emotional stability, emphasizing the unique benefits for athletes. The editorial examines the detrimental effects of early school start times on adolescent sleep patterns and their subsequent impact on academic and athletic performance. By advocating for policy changes that prioritize sleep, such as delaying school start times, this editorial presents a novel approach to optimizing student-athlete success. Through a synthesis of current research and practical insights, it urges stakeholders in education and sports to recognize and act upon the foundational importance of sleep, positioning it as a key component of athletic and academic excellence.

Aim: This study aims to determine the current status for estimation of radiation dose to blood vessels and components from medical imaging procedures.Methodology: A database search on internet via PubMed and Google Scholar was performed to find published papers in estimation of radiation dose to blood vessels and components from medical imaging procedures. Results: Few published papers were found; namely two published papers. Radiation dose to blood vessels and components were assumed to be included in total radiation dose estimation for organ or tissue, without considering different in radiosensitivity. Conclusion: It seems that effect of radiation on blood vessels and components is underestimated, in ICRP 60 and 103 recommendations reports. Recommendation: It is recommended to conduct more studies to estimate radiation dose for blood vessels and components from medical imaging procedures and revise the value of tissue weighting factor for bone marrow.